本科论文代写

新西兰诺斯兰德理工学院论文代写:艾菲尔铁塔

新西兰诺斯兰德理工学院论文代写:艾菲尔铁塔

以1999建造的艾菲尔铁塔为例,材料钢结构及其使用形式是当时的一次创新尝试。这座塔和其他工业化建筑一样受到批评,因为据说它本身没有实用价值。有人说这座塔是商业性的。埃菲尔铁塔建于法国,拥有众多的遗产和艺术建筑,在这种背景下,Eiffel甚至被视为“巨大的工厂烟囱”(埃菲尔铁塔,2006)。然而,这座塔的材料使用钢,创造了一个创新的方式处理轴承负荷。其建筑的强度进行测试,由风,在这样一个高度的建筑师是确保负载和规模的权利平衡是使塔抵抗风的力量,这种创新应该给它必要的文化空间,人们指责它缺乏或审美,“这是一个吸引人的、巨大的内在魅力,不受普通艺术理论”(比灵顿,1985节)。塔是采用的三个主要因素,更有用,对未来的建设,形成建筑的复兴。主要是塔的建设表明如何可能包含建设规模。其次,使用应用科学和艺术衍生出狭义的用法,艾菲尔体现了这一点;第三,它突破了人们既定的审美理想,并教会他们看新事物。

简而言之,工业革命是一个许多事物都发生变化的时期。在复古主义的建筑形式试图带回对过去和现有元素的使用,工业革命改变了材料被用于建设方式(艺术史,全书2014)。在十九世纪和复兴建筑之前常用的建筑材料通常是木材、石料、石灰砂浆和其他材料。然而,这些材料只提供了有限的行动方针,而且金属在十九世纪之前没有大规模生产。结构,因此非常有限。随着大规模生产议程的增加,钢铁厂大量涌现。

新西兰诺斯兰德理工学院论文代写:艾菲尔铁塔

In the case of the Eiffel, which was built in 1999, the material steel construction and its form of use was an innovative attempt at that time. The tower as with other industrialized structures came under criticism because it was said to have no utility value in itself. The tower was termed by some as being mercantile. The Eiffel was built in France that had numerous heritage and artistic architectures and in this context the Eiffel was even looked at as a “gigantic factory chimney” (Eiffel Tower, 2006). The tower with its material use of steel was however, seen to create an innovation in the way it addressed bearing loads. Its architectural strength was to be tested by winds, and at such a height the architect was to ensure that the right balancing of loads and scale was done so as to make the tower resistant to the forces of wind, this innovation was supposed to give it that necessary cultural or aesthetic space that the people chided it as lacking, “There is an attraction and a charm inherent in the colossal that is not subject to ordinary theories of art” (Billington, 1985, p.62). The tower as such is employs three main factors that was more useful for the future constructions than that of the architectures of the revivalist forms. Primarily the tower construction showed how it was possible to contain the scale of construction. Secondly a narrowly defined use was derived with the use of applied science and arts and the Eiffel embodies this, thirdly it broke through the established aesthetic ideals of the people and taught them to look at newer things.

The Industrial revolution in short was a period where change was evoked in many things. Where the revivalist architectural forms attempted to bring back a sense of the past with the use of existing elements, the industrial revolution changed the ways the very materials were used for construction (Encyclopedia of Art History, 2014). Building materials that were commonly used before the nineteenth century and also in revival architectures were usually timber, stone, lime mortars and others. However these materials offered only restricted course of actions, metals furthermore were not mass produced before the nineteenth century. Structures were hence very limited. With the mass production agenda, steel works were available in plenty.