论文 代写：公私伙伴关系

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论文 代写：公私伙伴关系

为了认识到这些优先事项，公私伙伴关系已被确定为执行新政策方向的一个重要工具。自最近以来，一些供资机构采取了政策，以便有时在现有制度下有利地审议公私伙伴关系，而在其他情况下，则通过诸如ARC联系赠款等新的倡议。一般而言，公私伙伴关系是指非政府组织或私营部门组织之间为改善基础设施网络和加强提供的服务而作出的一系列合作安排(Coghill, 2007)。这包括使用捐赠、外包、外包或公共物品私有化等资源。一般来说，透明度可以被确定为有效治理的一个关键属性，它是在政治、公民和国家之间建立问责制的先决条件。在最基本的层面上，治理的透明度是指通过清晰的程序和流程，整个政府系统的开放性水平，以及通过信息共享，公共服务的简单可达性(Dooren, 2011)。这进一步支持确保在提供个人业绩和处理资源方面保持问责制。
因此，可以说，透明度是个人、组织、公司和政府在明确披露信息的行动、过程、计划和规则时所具有的开放性。另一方面，问责制可以被认为更加复杂，Tisne (2010, p. 2)给出的定义如下:“广义上讲，问责制是指要求行动者对其行为负责的过程。更具体地说，它是一个概念，个人，机构和组织(公共，私人和公民社会)被认为有责任执行他们的权力，根据一定的标准(无论相互设置或不)”(Tisne, 2010，第2页)。在理想的意义上，问责制包括可转向性和可执行性。可答性可以被确定为责任承担者在提供与其行为有关的理由和信息方面的责任。可执行性是指由于未能回答责任要求而产生的后果或处罚的可能性。问责制在可回答性方面反映了弱势类别。虽然公众或公民主导的行动往往涉及声誉或软的同行压力，很少涉及强有力的执行力。

论文 代写：公私伙伴关系

In order to perceive these priorities, PPPs have been identified as a significant tool in the implementation of orientations regarding the new policy. Since recent times, there has been an adoption of policy by a number of funding bodies for the favourable consideration of PPPs, at times under the existence of system, while in other cases, by new initiatives such as the ARC Linkage Grants. In general sense, PPPs are referred to as a number of cooperative arrangements between the non-governmental or private sector organization for the improvement of infrastructure networks and the enhancement of delivered service (Coghill, 2007). This involves the use of sources like donating, outsourcing, out-contracting or privatizing public goods.In general, transparency can be identified as a key attribute of effective governance and it is a prerequisite for the establishment of accountability in politics, among the citizens and the states. At the most basic level, transparency in governance is referred to as the level of openness across the system of government by clear procedures and processes, and simple accessibility of public service by information sharing (Dooren, 2011). This further supports ensuring the maintenance of accountability in delivering individual performance and handling resources.
Hence, it can be stated that transparency is an attribute of individuals, organizations, companies and governments to be open in disclosing clearly the actions, processes, plans and rules of information. On the other hand, accountability can be considered to be more complex, and the definition provided by Tisne (2010, p. 2) is as follows:“Broadly speaking, accountability refers to the process of holding actors responsible for their actions. More specifically, it is the concept that individuals, agencies and organisations (public, private and civil society) are held responsible for executing their powers according to a certain standard (whether set mutually or not)” (Tisne, 2010, p. 2).In the ideal sense, accountability is said to involve bothanswerability and enforceability. Answerability can be identified as the responsibility of duty bearers in providing justification and information related to their actions. Enforceability is referred to as the possibility of consequences or penalties due to failure in answering the claims of accountability. Accountability provides a reflection of weak category in terms of answerability. While public or citizen-led initiatives often tend to involve reputational or soft peer pressure, with rare involvement of strong enforceability.

美国高中留学费用：数据收集

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美国高中留学费用：数据收集

首先，经过讨论，我们小组决定使用primary research来收集研究课题的原始数据。这可以通过使用各种技术或方法来实现，例如电话访问、问卷调查和从现实生活中直接观察。因此，我们从初级研究中得到的反馈将基于人们的选择或观点，而我们也会进行二次研究，以增加反馈。第二项研究可以以已经进行的个案研究、已发表的统计数字和文本的形式进行，也可以利用个人接触和媒体宣传。区分二级研究和一级研究对市场研究专业人员具有重要意义。对于研究人员和分析人员来说，重要的是利用分析的表格和结构，并讨论已经提交的一些数据。主数据是由访谈的参与者以调查的形式收集的。在这里的研究中，使用了组合方法。研究中使用的辅助数据以表格的形式呈现，表格中有作者的观点，辅助数据来自书籍和网络。然后根据小组讨论，我们决定了哪个观点是有用的。
另一方面，初级研究只使用问卷，但也被作为更好的讨论或观察表。在我们的小组中，我们为这个问卷准备了10个问题，其中2个是开放性问题。研究使用定性和定量数据。本研究的定性数据通过开放式问题调查和相关文献证据收集，定量数据通过调查问卷收集。在这里使用mix方法进行研究，可以收集适当范围的数据。使用原始数据进行研究是分析语言学习者对移动学习应用使用感受的最佳方法。移动技术的使用者是相信它能让他们在学习上变得更好，还是仅仅把它作为一种加强学习的手段?是传统的学习语言的方法更好，还是它们比移动技术更受欢迎?本研究的主要研究方法将解决这些问题。根据反馈，很明显，越来越多的年轻人倾向于使用移动技术来学习英语，而不是使用传统的方法。

美国高中留学费用：数据收集

Firstly, after having discussions, our group decided to use primary research to collect original data for the topic under study. This could be met through using various techniques or methodologies such as telephonic interviews, questionnaires, and through direct observation from real life. Therefore, the feedback that we will get from the primary research will be based on the choice or the views of the people, while we will also carry out secondary research for the purpose of adding to the feedback. The secondary research could be in the form of already conducted case studies, published statistics and texts, and also the personal contacts and the media promotions have been used. To make a distinction between the secondary and the primary research is of high importance to the market research professionals. For the researchers and analysts, it is important to utilize tables and structures of the analysis, and discuss some of the data that has been submitted. Master data is collected by the participants of the interviews that are conducted in the form of a survey. For the research here, combine methodologies have been used. The secondary data used in the research has been presented in the form of tables where the view points of the author and the secondary data comes from books and internet. Then according to group discussing we made decisions which viewpoint is useful.
On other hand primary research only uses questionnaires but also is presented as a table for better discussions or observations. In our group, we prepared 10 questions for this questionnaire and 2 of 10 are open ended question. The research uses both qualitative and quantitative data. The qualitative data under the research has been collected via survey involving open ended questions and literature evidence regarding the subject, whereas the quantitative data has been gathered through survey questionnaires. Using mix methodology for the research here has enabled in collection of an appropriate range of data. Using primary data for the research is the best approach to analyze the feelings of the language learner about the use of mobile learning applications. Do the users of mobile technologies believe that it enables them to become better at learning, or do they only use it as a mean to strengthen their learning? Are the traditional methods to learning language better, or are they preferred over the mobile technologies? The primary research methods under the study here would address these questions. According to the feedback, obviously more and more young people tend to use mobile technology for learning English, rather than using traditional method.

paper代写：丹麦是全球最幸福的国家

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paper代写：丹麦是全球最幸福的国家

从这个角度来看，很明显，世界上甚至没有一个单独的社会主义国家。每个国家只有不同程度的社会主义。从广义上看，最社会主义的国家是中国。这是因为国有企业占中国劳动力和经济总量的60%以上。大多数社会主义国家的下一行主要来自欧洲国家，丹麦位居榜首(Askanius et al . 2015)。据CNN报道，丹麦是全球最幸福的国家，挪威、荷兰、瑞典、加拿大、芬兰和奥地利紧随其后。道德心理学家乔纳森·海特(Jonathan Haidt)在2013年出版的《正义的心:为什么好人会被政治和宗教分裂》(The justice mind: Why good people are divided by politics and religion)一书中指出，自由主义者有必要感到自己与他人平等，而保守派往往有一种凌驾于某些人之上的冲动。这就要求丹麦成为最适合美国自由社会主义者的国家。然而，丹麦民主社会主义最好的部分是工作和工人的价值(Gardner 2015)。
他们似乎明白，在一个不重视劳动的社会里，什么也不能发展，因此，等级和工人甚至比经理更受尊重。在丹麦社会，人们常常通过性格的强弱来判断一个人，而不是通过他们的职业地位或薪水来判断。会议计划在周末休假，不仅包括高层或中层人员，还包括工作场所的所有成员。每个人都有权发表意见。此外，大多数办公室都有一个用餐区或厨房，休息时间是社交聚会。尽管在丹麦工会成员不是强制性的，但仍有约80%有工作的男性和女性是工会成员。此外，丹麦的经济平等主义以集体谈判为核心。这意味着在没有政府的干预下，员工以及雇主都有能力在亲子关系期间就工资、工作、休假等问题进行谈判(Morris et al . 2015)。丹麦人重视工作与生活平衡的方式，仅仅是社会主义理论应用于丹麦多样化经济的结果，在丹麦，人们工作越多，就不考虑不健康和反社会。此外，高度以政治权力为基础的分散制度增加了丹麦的价值。

paper代写：丹麦是全球最幸福的国家

From this perspective, it becomes clear to state that there is not even an individual socialist state across the world. There only exist varying socialism degrees in each country. The most socialist if viewed from a general perspective is considered to be China. This is because of the enterprises being owned by state that account for more than 60 percent of the workforce and economy of China. The next line of most socialist nations is mostly from European nations with Denmark leading the list (Askanius et al 2015). According to CNN, it happens to be that Denmark is the happiest nation across the globe with Norway, Netherlands, Sweden, Canada, Finland and Austria followed by it. According to moral psychologist, Jonathan Haidt, in his book, “The righteous mind: Why good people are divided through politics and religion”, (2013), it is essential for liberals to feel they are equal with everyone else while conservatives often have an urge to feel above to some. This calls for Denmark being the best fit for American liberal socialists. However the best part about democratic socialism in Denmark is the value of work and workers (Gardner 2015).
It seems that they understand nothing can be developed in a society where labour is disregarded and therefore ranks and workers are honoured more than even the managers. In the society of Denmark, people are often judged through character’s strength, not through their status professionally or the pay-check size. Conferences are planned for weekend getaway which include all members at the workplace not only higher level or mid-level people. Each person is given entitlement of expressing opinions. Most of the offices moreover are such that they have an eating area or kitchen place so that the breaks are social gatherings. Even though union membership is not obligatory in Denmark but still approximately 80 percent men and women with jobs are labour union members. Denmark’s economic egalitarianism furthermore has collective bargaining at its heart and ore. This implies that without the interference of the government, the employees as well as the employers have the ability of negotiating pay checks, jobs, leaves and leaves during paternity or maternity (Morris et al 2015). The way in which Danish value work and life balance is the mere result of socialism theory applied to the diverse economic of Denmark wherein people working more are not regarding not healthy and anti-social. Furthermore, the highly political power based decentralized system adds to the value with regard to Denmark.