代写论文-HMV唱片零售商的商务营销策略

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代写论文-HMV唱片零售商的商务营销策略。HMV是行业中历史最悠久、最流行的唱片零售商，占据着市场领导者的地位。该组织在欧洲、美国、加拿大、亚洲和澳大利亚的主要消费市场开展业务。此外，由于在线呈现的需求不断增长，组织已经将服务技术化(Tennant, 2016)。然而，在战略实施的差距导致销售下降。因此，营销审计是为了提出HMV可以利用电子商务营销策略和促销营销策略针对的两组客户群体的细分，以满足不同客户群体个体不断增长的需求(Baker, 2014)。因此，增加的参与度和无缝的在线音乐访问将使组织通过目标客户受众的增长。在各种环境分析的基础上，考虑到外部市场和内部组织资源的持续情况，HMV推荐了两套可以有效定位的市场细分标准(Beaster-Jones, 2016)。建议组织考虑两种不同的市场细分标准，以便针对所选择的客户群体和个人，以实现组织在娱乐市场的增长。

HMV holds the position of market leader in the UK’s retail industry of music and record sales. The organization have strong brand recognition and positioning that makes it a direct competitor of the US based iTunes as e-commerce strategies are integrated within the operations.
HMV is engaged in diversified portfolios and present in growing geographic markets such as US, Europe, Australia and Asia (Rogers, 2013). Moreover, it has entered the leisure and entertainment markets for the expansion of the market share.

The website operations launch is one of the strengths as it provides with the gaming, online purchase and ticketing for the easy shopping access and for ensuring that the customers remain in contact with HMV itself.
HMV is relied on e-marketing strategies to facilitate conversation with the online customers through e-mail (Solomon, 2014). His campaign resulted in the 750 percent increased transaction on the HMV’s online store.
Recent acquisition of Mama Group by HMV resulted in the increment of the share price.

The major challenge faced by the HMV is to attract the customer to still prefer the physical music purchases from the brick and mortar outlets (Roy, 2016). However, customers do not prefer the same as they find purchasing same music online to be both cheaper and easier.
Sales were reduced by more than 2 percent in the last year. Even though the profits were made, it has been viewed that large number of customers are finding the entertainment that can be availed through movies and live entertainment (Schlegelmilch, 2016). Furthermore, the trend of music sales has moves from offline to online.

HMV has opened the website operations, cinemas as well as book stores across the London. Hence, increment in the sales is expected. Moreover, the recent acquisition of the Mama Group showcases the organizational growth in the near future.
Expansion in the health and fitness DVDs segment from the online platform is another opportunity present for HMV (Strauss, 2016).
Advancement of technology provides with increased opportunities to HMV for revolutionizing the organizational performance, consumer relations and the services’ quality. Hence, the services of HMV can be improved through internet by providing with the services of TV and movies sales and subsequent download from the website operations.

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论文代写-安纳波利斯会议

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论文代写-安纳波利斯会议。安纳波利斯会议是1786年的一次首脑会议，其目的是在经济紧张和政治动荡时期建立统一的参数来监测和规范州与州之间的贸易。安纳波利斯会议的代表们开会讨论《联邦条例》的问题。《邦联条例》是美国第一个没有赋予国会控制州际贸易权力的管理文件。毁灭性的贸易壁垒在国家之间建立，这是一个严重的问题。代表们决定并评估《联邦条例》中的问题。维吉尼亚州召开了州际会议，讨论商业的标准化管理。

Annapolis Convention was a summit in the year 1786, which aimed at creating uniform parameters to monitor and regulate trade between the states during a time of economic strain and political turbulence. The delegates of Annapolis Convention met to discuss the problems of Article of Confederation. The article of confederation was the first governing document of the country that gave no power to the Congress to control interstate commerce. Ruinous trade barriers had been created between the states which were a serious concern. The delegates determine and evaluate the issues in the Articles of Confederation. Virginia called an interstate convention to discuss a standardized regulation of commerce. The meeting was held in Annapolis and five states participated in the meeting which includes New Jersey, Delaware, Virginia, Pennsylvania and New York. The main achievement of the meeting was the decision to call for a new meeting for the purpose of considering the changes and regulation in the Articles of Confederation to make it powerful. Alexander Hamilton drafted a report in which it was opposed that a convention will be held for all the states on 14 September 1786.

The legislature of Delaware, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Virginia was assembled at the Annapolis convention. In the meeting, it has been found that the states of Virginia, Pennsylvania and New York authorized their commissions to meet other Commissioners as appointed by the other states in Union, at specific place and time as agreed by the commissioners. They take into account the commerce and trade of United States for analyzing how far the classification is made in their commercial regulations and intercourse. It was essential for their permanent harmony and familiar interest. The commissioners were also appointed by the states of Rhode Island, New Hampshire, North Carolina and Massachusetts. It had also been stated that the powers of Commissioners were supposing a commission from all the states and objecting the commerce and trade of United States. The commissioners were asked to submit an opinion over extending the powers of deputies than that of commerce and trade adopted by New Jersey and will be incorporated in the future convention. The main discussion was on regulating the rules and regulation of trade and commerce as there were significant defects in the system. The deputies were asked to investigate the defects in the system. The delegates that were involved in the Annapolis convention were John Dickinson from Delaware, Richard Bassett from Delaware, Egbert Benson from New York, Abraham Clark from New Jersey, TenchCoxe from Pennsylvania, Alexander Hamilton from New York, William Churchill Houstoun from New Jersey, James Madison from Virginia, Edmund Jennings Randolph from Virginia, George Read from Delaware, James Shureman from New Jersey and St. George Tucker from Virginia.

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美国代写论文-美国宪法的《邦联条例》

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美国代写论文-美国宪法的《邦联条例》。《邦联条例》是不充分的，因为它在提高税收或规范贸易或商业方面是无效的。整个大陆的伸展被看到，人口和经济增长被扩大描绘适当的框架的宪法。它还有助于国家制定更好的宪法，以达到恰当地构建国家的目的。这些规章制度的完善在美国宪法史上发挥了重要作用。因此，本文对安纳波利斯会议和制宪会议作了适当的解释。提供了关于联邦章程的历史观点，这使我们能够承认过去关于美国宪法形成的审查。

Among all these, the contentious issue was the representation state to the national legislature and the delegates from the larger states wanted to decide the legislative body of the states which could be sent to the Congress for the purpose of equal representation. Another controversial matter that lies in the constitution is the slavery which was seen in the northern states. The slavery of the individual is becoming the issues as the days are passing by. The purpose of the taxation and the determination of the representatives of the state could send the Congress, and the issues were seen during the process. Therefore, the counting of the representatives is decided and also the slaves are needed to be counted as the three-fifths of a person. With this, the Congress decided that they would not allow the slave deal and states are required to give away the deserter slaves to their respective owners. The illustration and implementation of the changes in the rules and the regulations provided the protection of the fundamental political rights, such as the independence of religion, speech, and the press. The compromise regarding the amendments was not considered, and thereby the other states must agree to ratify the document for assuring the immediately proposed amendments. The constitution, by this, was able to establish the ratified amendments for the purpose of establishing a slave free environment.

The member of the newly established US House of the Representatives was introduced with the 19 amendments to the constitution. The Congress also adopted he amendments which are sent to the states for the ratification. The Bill of the Rights established guarantees the individual certain basic protections as the citizens with including the freedom of speech, press and the religion. The protection seems to be insurable for which the rights are needed to be established for ensuring the protection. Hence, the contribution to drafting the Constitution as well as ratifying the constitution is made for the establishment of an impartial jury. Therefore, Madison is indicated as the Father of the Constitution. The thousands of the proposed amendments to the constitution were established out of which seventeen of them were ratified. Besides this, bill of the rights was enhanced for enhancement of the procedure in an easy manner after the proposed amendments are made through the Congress. Henceforth, the recent amendments were made to the constitution which was provided in the Article XXVII. It deals with the pay rises of the Congress which was proposed in 1789.

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essay代写-社交媒体互动的讨论分析

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essay代写-社交媒体互动的讨论分析。在过去，人们关注的是被动的观众接受。受众被动地吸收内容，媒体依赖于社会中盛行的霸权文化。随着电视媒体的发展，这一范式发生了变化。受众的角色和活跃的受众开始获得认知。人们更愿意看到他们想要的内容，这影响了媒体的创建方式。互联网的发展使不同阶层的人们的意识得以融合和提高。基于这种范式，粉丝和名人之间的关系和动力发生了变化。越来越多的促销活动完全依赖于门户网站和社交媒体互动。名人使用社交媒体工具与人们联系。尽管如此，社交媒体的兴起已经导致了诽谤集团的数量增加，并被发现会对名人进行更多的惩罚。在这个系统中，媒体技术已经发展成为一个强大的工具，工具的使用取决于名人和粉丝的个人动态。从过去到现在，人类的一些情感继续控制着媒体。

This change in the cultural status of the fans and fandom groups is best exemplified in the efforts taken by the celebrities and people to connect with the consumers. Even the modern politicians use the social media tools to engage and interact with people. The media celebrities and the politicians have now started to take more efforts to reach out to people. The movies and the elections that are conducted in the recent times seem to be dependent on these fandoms and internet groups. The people have been able to connect and the levels of visibility have been even more prominent in the current times owing to the technological developments.
The celebrities can now easily reach out to the audience. The audience have more access to the celebrity based on the development of Internet and social media. They can connect with their favourite celebrity and also the celebrity can reach out to a wider fan base in different geographical spectrum (Soukup, 2006).
The celebrities and the producers are found to interact with people ask their views and perception. From this they are able to develop content that is pleasing and meeting the requirements. People are also able to easily have access on a personal level with their celebrities. There is a secret groups and fan groups that have developed in this system.
The movie promotions, TV promotion and celebrity shows are now developed in the social media and in the online portals. The people are now able to interact with others and create content that would enable them to relate more on a personal level. The audience participation has grown in prominence in the current times based on this system. The producers are developing unique games and using game theory to connect with the people from different strata in the society. There is increase in the target consumer base and decrease in the exclusion. The advertisers seem to adhere to the latest development in technology. The trends favour the growth of the social media and formation of media content based on these tenets (Becker and Schönbach, 2013).
In this paradigm, the emerging challenge is the growing number of hate groups and celebrity false news. There is a need for the new age fan to discern between the real information and the false propaganda that is being made. People are now inundated with information that is sometimes false news. These impact the ways in which the audience perceive and interact with the people.There is increased critique for the celebrities with the development of the internet(Becker and Schönbach, 2013). People now have newer ways to interact and also chastise people. One of the challenges aspects of the current development is addressing the issues of libel for people. There is fostering of propaganda and hateful ideologies regarding the celebrities that are gaining prominence in the current times.

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代写价格-中国真人秀节目对社会文化的影响

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代写价格-中国真人秀节目对社会文化的影响。真人秀节目的内容与当地的文化有一定的比例影响。现代中国文化是非常不同的。中国文化是西方意识形态和混淆保守价值观的融合。经济领域的资本主义意识形态日益增长，贸易自由化带来了新的观点(Keane & Zhang, 2016)。当前，中国正在进行更大的文化转型。在现代中国，人们正在对现存的意识形态提出质疑。这既包括现存的保守主义思想，也包括新的范式。在这种情况下，真人秀节目在中国社会产生了有趣的影响(吴，2016)。媒体在塑造中国文化，受众感知在塑造中国媒体的内容。这种循环互动进一步受到政府在解释媒体内容中的作用的影响。

The television viewing of the people is the deliberate choices that the people make in order to express their interest about a share. There are many social issues and active processes that are found to be embedded into its design. In the current times, people do not passively absorb the content and sublime messages in the screen. They make a discursive analysis of the content and try to make sense of what they see. The people then influence the content to be shaped to meet their needs. The people create a related set of patterns of choices to create a set of relationships. The viewing of a TV show is more than a mere recreational activity. The people view content to discuss the areas about the content. They develop arguments, comments and debates about the program. The program is surrounded by the incessant flow of social activity. There are many nuanced forms that are embedded in this passive recreational activity. It is important for the content developers to develop a content that would suit the needs of their target demography. In this case the show is about father’s role in the family. The role of the nurturer is bestowed upon a typical father. This is a symbolic event to many of the dynamics that exist in the society. The sheer volume of the audience for the show shows that the show has been designed for the people who are acclimated to the changing familial dynamics and relationship. The changing gender roles and dynamics are explored in this paradigm.
Essentially people who understand the changing familial dynamics in China are considered to be the audience for the show. A more detailed analysis of each has been probed in the following. Demographic, disposition and the knowledge of the audience are integral elements that enable the people to understand about the familial situation (Kleinman & Lin, 2013). The demographic analysis refers to the demographic factors such as age, gender, social status to name a few. This is a broad approach to gain comprehension of the kind of audience who view the show. The disposition of the audience refers to the mind and the temperament of the audience. The next is the innate knowledge of the audience who watch the show. This increases the reliability of the audience.

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美国代写论文-儿童需求统计和所实施的营销战略

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美国代写论文-儿童需求统计和所实施的营销战略。在这个论文范文分析中，考虑的年龄人口是10岁以下的儿童。由于当今时代家庭动态的变化，公司迫切需要满足10岁以下儿童的需求。由于知名企业的大量投资，当地环境发生了积极的变化。人们正在寻找娱乐活动。因此，对儿童的人口统计和所实施的营销战略是对家庭的营销促销。增值服务应包括中性性别活动和有趣的家庭活动。公司需要改变基础设施。在此基础上，公司制定了明智的目标。除了对公司的基础设施进行更改外，我们还建议公司开发一种能够满足不断增长趋势的范例。提出了戴明周期为公司带来的变革。预计该公司可以利用其现有的品牌形象，利用其在不同目标人群中的存在。

The Arm Boat project is undertaken by the Rolls-Royce. The product has already been discovered in the market and it has been launched. Now there is a need for a more nuanced structure to entice children. The market is in the risk of stagnation. This is the reason for recommending or changing the dynamics to prevent decline of the sales of the products. There must be infrastructural changes and service offering changes to bring in more children.
As a preliminary step the SWOT analysis needs to be done in order to understand the changing dynamics. The areas of strength are the historical value of the place. There has been strong economic growth in the place and Rolls-Royce Company has developed innovative design to entice the consumers.
The areas of weakness for the company are that wait times and increased employee fatigue. This is because of the lacking of infrastructure and motivated staff. There are long lines and employee fatigue that are observed in this paradigm.
Opportunities that need to be factored are that there is the untapped demography that has not been fully exploited by the company. The threats that the company needs to face are the rising number of theme parks for the children and the uncertainty in the economy after the issue of Brexit.
Hence, the company can benefit immensely if it uses the untapped potential and gains leverage using the existing brand image of the company.
The cost to bring in changes would be around £100000 and the time to implement the changes will be around 3 months. The proposed changes to the existing project are adding making initial changes in the promotion for the cruise. The marketing efforts must be targeted towards the parents, grandparents and the children. It must encompass gender neutral activities such as playing simulation games during the cruise. The indulgent parents will enjoy the structured safe play for children. The simulation inside the boat ride must be designed in a way that appeals to all the age demographics (Heizer, Render and Munson, 2016). It must not only be targeted towards the children, but also it must serve as a family bonding activity where the family can experience and have fun. There have already been arcade games inside the theme park it can indulge some of these activities during the course and enable the people to enjoy the scenic control.
The second phase of planning is implementing the infrastructural changes and improving the quality of the service marketing. There must be focus given to the overall improvement of the services.

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assignment代写-星巴克的关系策略

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assignment代写-星巴克的关系策略。每家公司都试图建立一个利基消费者基础和一个喜欢该品牌的忠诚消费者基础。只有一些企业能够获得人民的信任和支持。这些公司采取的实时措施各不相同。星巴克为确保与消费者建立联系而采取的重要措施是注重产品质量和具有竞争力的价格(Chua和Banerjee, 2013)。星巴克开发了独特的策略来与人们建立联系。该公司在Facebook上有3500多万个赞，在twitter上有800多万粉丝。该公司一直在寻找接触消费者的方法。这家公司非常擅长互动。它首先在与使用者交互之前请求显式的权限。

Starbucks develops unique strategies to connect with the people. The company has over 35 million likes on Facebook and more than 8 million followers in twitter. The company is constantly looking for ways to reach out to the consumers. The company is extremely adept in its interaction. It starts with requesting explicit permission before interacting with the consumers. It asks the consumers specific permission in the social media apps such as Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter to name a few. The company has a popular wallet app that it uses for its payment. The most important ways in which it engages with the consumer is requesting permission. They respect the privacy of the consumers and ensure that the consumers are comfortable with the interactions. The company tries to develop brand recognition through competitions. In one of the campaign the company put up new advertising posters in six metropolitan cities. The people had to tweet the picture to get a 20$ store credit (Meyer, 2016). The company was able to leverage its presence in the social media by using this technique. It also uses the local weather to promote the products. During the winter seasons the company advertises its product with people holding warm mugs of coffee. There is the My Starbucks Idea website where the people can leave specific thoughts about the different business. The site then summarizes the ideas and ranks the different ideas according to category. This shows that the company is interested with interacting with the people to engage with the consumers.
20% of the Starbucks Card transactions are through the mobile app technology. The consumers are found to be spending more time in the mobile apps (Schultz, 2012). Hence the company uses mobile experience to enhance the audience. The company is focused on personalization. They look to enhance the personalized experience of the people. The company looks for ways to address any service issues or gaps in this process. The company even recently forms an alliance with Spotify to make the consumer heat their preferred playlist in each store location. The company uses a number of ways to connect with the consumers.

The company has a reward and loyalty program that enables the consumer to get certain discounts or free products after reaching a specified number of reward points. These are some of the ways in which the consumers and the brand are related to create solutions. The company being an international product and a market leader in many of the nations has the capital resources to bring in newer changes. This is a double-edged sword for the company.

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美国论文代写-共享经济模式的商业案例分析

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美国论文代写-共享经济模式的商业案例分析。共享经济通过建立生产者和消费者之间的直接联系来避免旧的模式。就像优步(Uber)的情况一样，司机可以通过手机与潜在乘客联系来赚钱，而不用受雇于出租车公司。经济共享商业模式与价值主张之间存在差异。市场公司的客户细分是双向的，这意味着两组客户通常在一个平台上相遇，并在业务上受益。然而，可以认为支付服务费用的部门是唯一的客户。与优步一样，司机使用互联网技术为客户提供优质服务。

Access based model of the business shows the single or multiple groups of consumers (Saloner, Shepard and Podolny, 2011). However, the detailed information regarding the customer segment is not available. The company’s positioning helps in the construction of the business model which is helpful in determining customer segments. Like in the case of marketplace business model, one group is totally inclined towards partnered contractors, while the other group consumes the process directly.
Strategy – People have traditionally considered ownership as the simplest way to access particular products. With the launch of the services provided by the Airbnb, it increased the numbers of individuals who rent to get the access temporarily rather than owning them. Growth in sharing economy is fuelled by the Internet, which has facilitated the connections between the owner and the peers to share the possessions. Entry mode of the sharing economy is not limited in the means of products and choices. It has the potential to include the entire economy in its model. In spite of many advantages, strategies of growth are largely dependent on the connectivity of the internet. The firms utilizing the sharing economy model should focus on the reducing connectivity gap among its potential customers.
Internal/external strength – Sharing economy has become an important part of the economy, as it is capable of matching demand and supply seamlessly. Airbnb was established in 2008, as an alternative to the hotel industry, it allows the user to stay in an assortment of the accommodations at minimum price. The sharing economy has many benefits on traditional mode: –
Creates new services- A transportation company to run efficiently requires a fleet of cars and drivers, which can incur huge expense on the operating cost. By employing the advanced model, Uber avoided the hurdles, which have arisen by working on the traditional model. In other words, it has helped in the creation of new and valuable service (Sarangi, 2009).
Provides flexibility in workplace – The workforce can work on the time they feel comfortable. With the aid of technology, the employee can connect themselves with the company from any part of the globe. The advantage of changing locations is an added benefit.
Along with providing services, it helps in recycling and reusing the product, which can be beneficial for the maintenance of the sustainable environment. It helps in empowering the citizen by making them more productive. New ideas of businesses are being developed on a daily basis.

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美国代写-国家公园广告替代的策略

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美国代写-国家公园广告替代的策略。保护国家公园很重要。东海岸的国家公园不应该受到广告的影响。应该有其他的方法来防止国家公园被广告破坏。在本论文代写的范文中，我们探讨了大量的广告替代方法。有人分析了为国家公园筹集资金应遵循的不同广告策略。重要的是要考虑替代的广告方法。如果公园的广告牌上有太多的广告，公园里就会乱丢垃圾。有人注意到，在一些公园里，过多的广告破坏了整个公园。更多的广告牌将意味着自然将被破坏。国家公园的自然美将会消失，它将变成一个充满广告的土地。我们需要独特的方法来保持公园的美丽，同时也可以通过广告来筹集资金。

It was important to consider the alternate advertisement methods. If there would have been too many advertisements on the bill boards in the park, it will litter the park. It has been observed in some of the parks that too much advertisement had spoiled the entire park. More bill boards will mean that the nature will be destroyed. The natural beauty of the National Parks will be lost and it will turn into a land full of advertisement. There was a need for the unique method so that the beauty of the park remains intact and the funding can also be done through the advertisement.
It is important to note the different strategies for getting the good advertising methods so that the park doesn’t get littered with many billboards. Advertisement should not impact the beauty of the park in any way. There are some of the marketing campaigns which can be useful for advertising in the park. One of the methods for advertisement is to publish the posters on the official website of the park (Zeff & Aronson, 1999). With this move, the advertisement can easily reach a large number of people. Every visitor who visits the website will be checking the advertisements. Advertisements can also be published in the Facebook page of the national parks. For example, the official Facebook page of Yellow Stone National Park has around 34000 followers. These pages will be promoted more and more when the advertisements will be displayed in the same. The post related to the company will be published on a regular basis on the Facebook page. These posts will be viewed by many people.
A major challenge is to attract the companies to advertise and pay money for the same. We will have to involve media and go into media sponsorship with some of the companies. In order to do the same, a number of design competitions will be held. These competitions will have a media sponsorship which will broadcast the end to end detail related to the event (Gannon, 1994). The competitions will be done in such a manner that it will raise a voice that NPS is accepting the financial sponsorships in return of advertisements in the park or in the activities related to the park. The funding of the competitions will be done by the park partners and NPS. The media channels will promote the event and its cause as well. This will attract many of the companies which are interested in promoting their brands, products or services. Another method is to send direct mails to the PRs’ of all the major companies about the new initiative of NPS. The emails will prove to be a good means of spreading the information to the companies without any kind of investment (Sterne & Priore, 2000). The interested companies can revert back to the E-Mails directly and further communication can be established.

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洛杉矶论文代写-现代投资组合理论

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洛杉矶论文代写-现代投资组合理论。1952年，哈里•马科维茨(Harry Markowitz)在《投资组合选择》(Portfolio Selection)一文中发展并提出了现代投资组合理论(Modern Portfolio Theory, MPT)。MPT理论被认为是金融和投资领域最具影响力的经济理论之一。现代投资组合理论也被称为均值方差分析。该理论的基础是基于在特定风险水平下预期收益最大化的投资组合资产。数学框架中的风险称为方差。该理论认为，资产的回报和风险不是自我评估的，而是基于整个投资组合的总体风险和回报的贡献。

The theory is developed with the goal of fabricating a portfolio that is desired to maximize the expected returns which are consistent with the acceptable risk level. In this regards, Markowitz intended to measure and quantify the investment risk by the assessment of the variance of the return of an asset. Based on the MPT, two types of risks for individual stock returns have been identified. The systematic risks which are the market risk such as recessions, interest rate shocks and wars are not easily diversified (Pfiffelmann, Roger and Bourachnikova, 2016). The unsystematic risks are the specific risk as it is specific to individual stocks. The unsystematic risk for individual stocks can be easily diversified by increasing the number of stocks in the portfolio. The key elements of the MPT proposed by Markowitz (1952) are explained below.
Investors or the portfolio managers engage in the decision-making process based on the expected returns and the variance of the returns. The historical mean of the returns from an asset over a given time period derives the expected return from an asset. It must be noted that the terms mean and expected returns are interchangeable (Pok and Poshakwale, 2004).
The theory justifies that the portfolio selection is not based on the risk associated with the individual securities. The risk involved in the portfolio selection is based on the portfolio risk. The theory encompasses the combination of risky assets and expected returns from a portfolio which reflects relatively low risk. Conversely, it can be stated that it is quite possible to develop a portfolio with lower risk as compared to the sum of its counterparts.
The portfolio managers are alarmingly learning the key components of the MPT in order to manage risk and maximize its return. The main of this theory is that it ensures that the portfolio managers are able to derive the greatest potential return coupled with least risk. A portfolio manager through this theory is able to measure the relationship between the numerous types of investments (Shipway, 2009). In this way, the portfolio managers are able to compare and contrast between the risks and returns of the portfolio assets and investments which would help them to reduce risk and sustain maximum returns. MPT is regarded as a financial self-defense for the portfolio managers in which diversification is the way to smooth out the rough edges of the returns on investment. The basic idea of the MPT is based on the efficient portfolio which represents the investment opportunity set based on expected portfolio return and portfolio risk. This is presented below.

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