费城论文代写-CDO的市场识别和债务抵押债券

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费城论文代写-CDO的市场识别和债务抵押债券。债务抵押债券是1987年首次形成的金融工具，但在2003年初开始流行起来。这些贷款池可以是同质的，也可以是异质的。这个CDO市场在2007年经济危机期间崩盘，因为CDO经理无法预测与这些金融工具相关的风险。然而，此次崩盘的主要原因是信贷机构完全依赖基于计算机的程序来为CDO分配债务评级。这些评级项目效率低下，因为它们没有考虑到经济变化的影响。此次危机之后，有关CDO发行的法规有所加强。风险管理已成为CDO市场识别和评估潜在风险的重要组成部分。同时，对CDO的投资也有所减少。

1987-2002
First CDO was introduced by Drexel Burnham Lambert Inc. in 1987. After this, various financial firms issue CDO’s by forming portfolio of different kind of loans. During early 1990’s, it became very popular as it was giving returns which were higher than corporate bonds by 2-3 %. Another factor which contributed to its popularity was that CDO’s at that time were diversified. For example, it includes everything from an aircraft equipment debt to credit card loan. Due to this, diversification the risk level of these CDO’s was very low.
2001-03
During the period of 2001-2003, consumers’ confidence in market was low due to slower economy and events of 9/11. Due to lower spending capacity of the consumer, there was economic uncertainty in the USA. This resulted in reduction in volume of business of companies and unemployment.
2003-2006
This was a period of popularity and growth for CDO’s. During early 2003, the spending of the customers increases due to lower interest rates. Consumers take advantages of attractive deals presented by mortgage lenders and finance companies like FMCC and GMAC. Due to attractive deals presented by mortgage lenders, there was a vital increase in sale of homes and it’s financing. Investment banks and finance companies started to repackage these loans and sell them to investors. This resulted into a structure pattern; demand for loans was high and brokers were finding these borrowers in exchange for fixed pre-determined fees. After that, the lender i.e. banks would repackage these loans and sell them to investors. The mortgage deal that became very popular during this period was 30-year adjustable rate mortgage which had negative impact on economy.
2007-2009
Popularity of the CDO’s was increased from 2001 to 2003 mainly because of the increase in home sales and lower interest rates on mortgage. During early 2007, mortgage rates started to reset and drop down that resulted in default in payment of interest and installments. These defaults forced the banks to stricken their lending procedures that resulted in difficulty in procurement of loan by business organization. Effect of this resulted in bankruptcies (Shiller, 2012).

Operating mechanism of CDO has been explained with the help of stepwise example-
Let us assume that there is a commercial bank named A which approved various kinds of mortgage loans such as car loan, home loan, credit card loan, etc. Now A (commercial bank) will sell this loan to B which is an investment bank.
Now investment bank ‘B’ will form a portfolio of say $50000 different mortgage loans. This portfolio will be repackaged into a financial instrument called COD.
These COD’s will be sold by B to investors which may be investment fund, finance bank, retirement fund, etc.
The income received by A (Commercial bank) in form of interest and principle will be transferred to investors. In case of default, the risk will be transferred to these investors. The degree of risk can be analyzed by an investor with the help of their debt rating assigned by credit rating agencies.

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论文代写-阿斯顿·马丁的管理团队的业务发展

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论文代写-阿斯顿·马丁的管理团队的业务发展。管理团队决定扩大其在土耳其的业务是受到该国客户的强烈兴趣的刺激，他们欣赏先进的技术，了解工艺和质量。该公司对奢侈品无与伦比的坚定承诺，将在中国建立强大的客户基础。该公司将能够以其质量和品牌吸引众多客户的注意。公司的管理团队将为客户引入独特的产品，并提高他们的试驾经验(Sen, 2008)。客户会愿意为公司的高效产品买单，管理层会通过不同的渠道推广自己的品牌，以吸引大量的客户。除此之外，阿斯顿·马丁还拥有成熟的奢侈品牌汽车，有助于将公司的价值观与客户联系起来。

However, the number of people that have the power to purchase the product of the company is low because of its high quality and prices. Thus, it would be beneficial for the company to focus on decreasing the prices of its products and introducing some low-cost model. The customers in Turkey will like the products of the company and has the ability to purchase it. The automobile industry of the country is rapidly growing due to the increase in the customers. It would be beneficial for the company to target the customers who will purchase the product. In order to attract more customers, the management should focus on the fuel efficient and environmentally friendly cars. The customers will be attracted with the entire range of car models such as DB9, V8 Vantage, DBS, Rapide and V12 Vantage (Du Plessis, Strydom & Jooste, 2012). The increasing need of unique and innovative product has encouraged the company to expand its business operation in Turkey. The profitability of the company will increase and the goals can be achieved.
SWOT Analysis
The SWOT analysis of the Aston Martin is provided in the following points as it enables in determining the appropriate structure of the work. This explanation of the analysis is provided below: –
Strengths
Consists of strong legacy and high brand equity
Consists of strong engineering and the designing team
Innovative and using the cutting edge technologies with consisting of attractive features (Ramachandra, Chandrashekara & Shivakumar, 2010)

Lesser market penetration with a comparison to the other car manufacturers
The limited product portfolio is still emerging in the form of the economies (Appannaiah & Reddy, 2010).
Apart from these weaknesses, the high loan rates are a part of the weakness of the Aston Martin which is lagging in the market due to its weaknesses. The narrowly defined market is becoming the major weakness of the company. This is raised due to the financial boom in the Asia and the Aston Martin is not targeting the affluent in the market.
Opportunities
Increment of the global markets
Growth rate can be easily increased with profitability
Growth in the economy can be depicted.
New market entry can be easily made by the company (Pinnock, 2010).
Apart from these opportunities, the company has many advantages being a public company. The reduction of the debts can be undertaken by expecting the reduction of the capital and the funding can be easily made by the company for the research and the development. Therefore, the opportunity to appeal to both the female customers and the young demographic can be easily facilitated (Sheehan, 2011). The Aston Martin relies on the middle-aged enthusiasts who are identified as the main stay behind the past sales of the company.

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美国代写论文-政党认同的发展形势

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美国代写论文-政党认同的发展形势。政党认同正在改变形势，帮助人民作出与投票有关的适当决定。对人民来说，重要的是他们应该在选择和确定当事方方面作出明智的决定。人们应该明白，他们应该选择一个支持社会整体发展的政党，应该努力利用一切设施，并支持它们，使可持续发展能够应用于社会。目前，人们已经认识到，他们应该选择能够帮助他们实现可持续发展的政党(Dalton, 2014)。人民群众认识到自己在党的建设中所起的作用，认识到自己应该怎样用自己的选票来管理人民。

At the present time, people have developed the understanding that they should choose the political parties which can help them in sustainability (Dalton, 2014). People have understood what role they play in party identification and how they should use their vote to manage the people. It is required that these factors should be taken into consideration while choosing political parties and these factors are selecting the parties which will help in managing the work and will ensure to provide the support system with the help to the people (Carlson, Chavez, Miramontes, Olivares & Onsurez, 2014). People have started thinking about the society in which they are living rather than thinking about self. An understanding is being developed that the people will have to move with the society and work for them. Hence, they prefer to vote the party which will help the society to grow and develop.
Values keep on changing and so the things are changing with the change in time and values of the people. People are considering values, behaviours and psychology of the parties which will work for the organization (Blackstone, 2014). Determination of the parties is done on the basis of both materialist as well as post materialist aspects. It is undertaken that the things are changing as in past time, people were prefer being given the money to vote and on the basis of the money given to them, the parties were selected by them (Elgie et al., 2017).
Time changed and now people are not depending on the money which is given to them. Now the things are changing and so the psychology of the people, as people are identifying the political parties on the basis of the work done by them rather than the money given to them for voting. Nowadays, people vote on their own will rather than the money provided to them for the voting purpose (Bartle & Bellucci, 2008).
Concept of party identification is one of the most effective concepts which could be used in the present time for the identification of the voting behaviour of the people in the country. Party identification helps in understanding the sequence of the people for making voting decision (Bakker, Hopmann & Persson, 2014). It helps in understanding what factors are taken into consideration by the people so as to identify the parties. Understanding the behaviour of people helps in initiating how help and proper support could be provided to the people so as to initiate the work and how they could be provided better and effective set of help. Parties could make the decision of attracting the people towards voting and can influence them to take a stand to select the right party which could work for them and provide relevant set of support to grow and develop in the competitive market (Heffernan et al., 2016).
Party identification is the reliable method which ensures to provide a support system to the people available in the market. It is necessary that proper measures should be applied by the parties so as to ensure that the people should undertake all the aspects of voting into consideration and support the management to vote (Adler, 2012).

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