美国代写-上市公司杠杆效应分析的研究方法

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本篇美国代写-上市公司杠杆效应分析的研究方法，分析了公司治理与财务杠杆之间的关系。财务杠杆是影响企业财务杠杆效应的重要因素。在我国，由于公司治理问题和证券交易所的不良声誉，财务杠杆效应越来越受到关注。为了了解财务杠杆对中国上市公司的影响，我们收集了50多家上市公司近5年来在金融、科技、互联网、医疗和农业科技等各个领域的数据。为了了解效果，使用了GARCH模型。使用EVIEWS统计软件分析GARH模型(Chorro et al.， 2014)。最佳选择的GARCH模型将是GJR GARCH模型，因为它提供了最精确和适当的所需结果。

This chapter details out the research methodology, model and collection of data for the leverage effect analysis and relation between corporate governance & financial leverage for all 50 Chinese listed companies. Financial leverage is critical factor for financial leverage effect on the companies. In China, the financial leverage effect is becoming concern due to corporate governance issues and bad reputation among stock exchange. To understand the financial leverage effect on Chinese listed companies, more than 50 listed company’s data is gathered for last 5 years in various sectors like finance, technology, internet, health and aggrotech. In order to understand the effect, there is GARCH model used. GARH Model is analysed using EVIEWS Statistical software (Chorro et al., 2014). The best selected GARCH model will be GJR GARCH model as this provides most precise and appropriate required results.

Consider all observations for all 50 Chinese listed companies
Fit all required models as discussed above
The appropriate model will be verified as per the given data sets and objective of the model
For each model, the analysis will be done for VaR 95% and VaR 99%
The model will not be re-estimated after each new observation based on the above VaR value
Remove earlier observations and do next few more observations to test
Repeat this process until the end of period
The dependency of the number of models and the VaR estimates are normally dependent on each series individually. For most of all stocks of 50 Chinese listed companies the most selected model will be GJR GARCH. The required statistical analysis, graphs, charts and tables will be produced as per need to the objective of the study and the discussion will be done based on the output or results in the next chapter.
Ethical Consideration
In order to make sure that this research without any issues, the researcher has maintained some ethical considerations as given below:
The researchers directly used the data from the given open source for all 50 Chinese listed companies
The data gathered from the yahoo finance database was not reproduced or sold to any third party except use in this research study
The researchers identified the right model as appropriate with help of existing researches
The researcher provided the references wherever the content was referred or used in this research

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代写价格-耐克公司的外部环境分析

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代写价格-耐克公司的外部环境分析对于公司的经营管理是非常重要的，由于它是在一个困难和竞争激烈的市场环境中经营的，所以有必要对经营条件进行管理。公司的外部环境对于业务的适当参与和管理至关重要。公司在英国的运营管理中存在大量的竞争对手(Blakeman, 2007)。因此，正确分析可能影响公司运作的全部因素是至关重要的。市场营销策略将被耐克用来达到目标受众。这类计划将包括适当执行所需的目标、销售组合细节和财务计划。

The external environment analysis for Nike is quite crucial and important for the purpose of management of the company’s operations. Since, it is operating in a difficult and competitive market environment there is a need for the management of the business conditions. The company’s external environment is of critical importance for the proper engagement and management of the operations. There is a lot of presence of competitive rivalry in the management of the operations of the company in its operations in United Kingdom (Blakeman, 2007). Therefore, proper analyses of the complete factors which are likely to influence the working of the operations of the company are crucial and important.

Marketing strategies would be used by Nike to reach out to the intended target audience. Such kind of plan would incorporate objectives, marketing mix details and financial plan that would be required for the proper implementation. Therefore, the detailed outlook and operational strategies of the plans would be shared within the working of the organization’s management (Simmonds, 1982). In order to control the overall marketing plan, the key performance metrics would also be highlighted and checked for variance (Luck, 2008).
The main focus on the marketing plan of Nike would incorporate the need to have outdoor events which can be interactive as well. Such kind of marketing plan would target the young consumers who like to participate in the Nike’s Running Club. This event would involve running events which people would be able to participate within their own cities. Such running events would be integrated within the mobile applications of the Nike that would allow the company to reach out consumers in a comprehensive manner. Such event would be making use of the 7 P’s of marketing for the development of the overall programs (Marketline.com, 2016).

The 7 Ps allows the company to clearly strategize its plans for reaching out to the consumers. The company would have to clearly develop the right kind of product, place and pricing option to reach to the consumers. This would entail clearly understanding the needs of the different set of consumers (Marketline.com, 2016). It has been seen that young consumers are likely to have different ideas regarding the purpose for health management. So, there would be necessity and need to clearly develop the plans. The critical part of this plan would come in the form of promotion and processes development. The company would have to clearly market the event to reach the maximum number of consumers (Paley, 2007). Further, it has to ensure that the company is able to reach the consumers on the basis of the right kind processes which can solve the needs of the consumers (McDaniel & Gates, 2005).

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美国代写论文-学习者输出的重要性讨论

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美国代写论文-学习者输出的重要性讨论，基于用法的理论也与讨论学习者输出的重要性相关。基于用法的理论认为，学习者倾向于记住并将语言的不同特征与所使用的语境联系起来。下次当他们发现自己处于类似的情况下，他们会使用他们已经联系起来的相似的单词特征和组合(Lightbown & Spada, 2012)。虽然与学习者的输出没有直接关系，但它确实有助于衡量/预测语言学习者的进步。不同的研究者认为，学习者输出理论的重要性在于语言练习在课堂环境和学习者自然环境中的作用。

Following in the vein of The Output Hypothesis is the Noticing Hypothesis given by Richard Schmidt who argues that nothing worthwhile is learned till the time when it has been ‘noticed’ by the learner (Lightbown & Spada, 2012). Since language learning is a socio-cultural activity, learners pick up a lot of cues, symbols, meanings, and forms from theirs around them. However, the fact that these form a part of a formal language system remains unknown to them unless they are explicitly told.

Brad also had his friend Wendy, who warned him midway in the course to check the legitimacy of the University and the course offered, to which Brad did not pay much attention and looked sure that the accreditation certificate would be secured; or if not now, it would anyhow be secured by the end of the course. Brad tended to equate the course fee with the legitimacy of the university which turned out to be a mere belief and nothing else. Hence, Brad must take action against the University of Kew for claiming the damages, getting his degree legitimately certified, and demanding all the extra cost that had incurred as a direct result of not being able to make the agency-advised $300,000 per year. This salary could have been possible if the course was accredited and the degree Brad achieved would be considered legitimate and valid.

Noticing hypothesis also prevents the risk of Fossilization, which might occur if the learners are left to use their inter-language system over an extended period of time without corrective feedback (Lightbown & Spada, 2012). Since errors are now seen as stepping stones to learning, teachers/instructors follow a selective approach to error correction. However, prolonged usage of wrong words/forms lead to internalization of the (wrong) form within the learners, this can be prevented by corrective feedback and brought right features to the notice of the language learners.
Another theory by Robert DeKeyser (1998) can also be used with the group of learner output theories, because DeKeyser argued that to achieve communicative competence, learners must practice on a routine basis. These practice drill sessions must be a combination of instructional as well as informal. Here, achieving communicative competence in the target language is the output/focus (Lightbown & Spada, 2012). Lourdes Ortega has proposed that to be effective, language practice sessions must be interactive, meaningful, and focused on task essential forms 。

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