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美国论文代写：美国联邦最低工资

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美国论文代写：美国联邦最低工资。长期以来，美国联邦最低工资一直是公众和政策制定者广泛讨论的最具争议的话题之一。联邦最低工资的最后一次修订发生在2009年，从每小时5.89美元增加到每小时7.25美元(杜贝，2013年)。与此同时，由于生产率、通货膨胀和生活成本等因素的增加，全国29个州以及哥伦比亚特区将其最低工资提高到高于联邦最低工资水平。接下来美国论文代写专家将对美国联邦最低工资进行以下分析与讨论。

实证研究显示，最低工资提高对失业的影响好坏参半(Allegretto et al.， 2011)。然而，最近的研究表明，一些人的工资上涨和另一些人的失业之间可能存在权衡(Neumark等人，2014)。同时,即使有一些最小的失业由于上调最低工资,它仍然可以导致减少不平等通过部门基于类的下降和劳动力(罗杰斯,2017年,p . 9)。在美国,增加最低工资上调像西雅图,报告显示，低收入工人的生活质量有所提高，从而减少了他们的贫困(Hoppes, 2018)。最近的研究表明，目前从事低工资工作的人大部分不是由家庭中其他人照顾的青少年，而是那些在大学里待了一段时间的人(Dube, 2013)。这些人的工作效率也很高。根据最近的报告，中产阶级青少年或由别人照顾的人在低收入工人中所占的比例明显下降。因此，提高最低工资不会是剥削。随着基本最低工资限额的提高，不同年龄群体的最低工资已普遍提高。

通过这里的讨论，我们可以得出结论，需要提高联邦最低工资，并辅以其他扶贫和提高工人生活水平的政策。提高最低工资虽然会导致部分工作岗位的流失，但会通过留住员工来补偿，从而减少工作岗位的流动率。因此，企业的生产率将会提高。这反过来又会使整个经济受益。考虑到生活成本、通货膨胀和工人的生产力，以及现有的劳动力市场条件，为了提高他们的生活水平，联邦最低工资需要提高。政策还应考虑如何提高最低工资，最大限度地减少失业，以实现减轻贫困的目标。此外，它需要成为有助于建设公平社会的全面改革的一部分，而不是只关注提高最低工资。其他改革应包括赋予工人权力和修订税收结构的措施。与此同时，由于不同州和城市的劳动力市场存在着巨大的差异，我们需要更多地关注州和市层面的最低工资上涨问题，而不是联邦层面的问题。

Federal minimum wage in United States has been one of the most controversial topics that are widely discussed among the public and the policy makers for a long period. The last revision to the Federal Minimum wage occurred in 2009, increasing it from $5.89 per hour to $7.25 per hour (Dube, 2013). Meanwhile, 29 states in the country along with the District of Columbia increased their minimum wages above the federal minimum wage level, accounting for the increase in factors like productivity, inflation and cost of living (Thomas, 2017). For example, Seattle has increased the minimum wage very high to $15 per hour in 2017. This has created a hot debate about whether the federal minimum wage needs to be increased or not. There are arguments supporting and opposing the rise in the Federal minimum wage level. In this essay, both sides are examined to analyze whether there should be rise in the federal minimum wage level or not. This will be examined with the help of available sources, researches and calculations (Varney, 2014).

Empirical studies show mixed results about the effects of rise in minimum wage hikes on the job losses (Allegretto et al., 2011). Recent studies show however that there can be tradeoffs between rise in wages for some and loss of employment for others (Neumark et al., 2014). At the same time, even if there are some minimal job losses due to the hike in the minimal wage, it can still lead to reduction in inequality through the decline in divisions based on class and labor (Rogers, 2017, p. 9). In the states that increased the minimum wage hike like Seattle, reports show a rise in the quality of life of the low-income workers, thus reducing their poverty (Hoppes, 2018). The recent studies have shown, those who are working for low wages at present are mostly not teenagers who are taken care of by others in the family, but those are the ones, who have spent some time in the college (Dube, 2013). These groups of people are productive as well. The share of middle class teenagers or those who are taken care of by others have declined significantly among the low wage workers, according to the recent reports. Thus, increasing minimum wages will not be exploitation. The minimum wages in general are already increased among different age groups with the increase in the substantial minimum wages limit.

Based on the discussion here, it can be concluded that the federal minimum wage needs to be increased, complemented with other policies for poverty alleviation and the improvement of living standards of the workers. The hike in the minimum wage can lead to losses of some jobs, but it will be compensated by the retention of workers, thus reducing job turn over. Thereby, the firms’ productivity will be increased. This in turn can benefit the economy as a whole. The federal minimum wage needs to be hiked taking into account the cost of living, inflation and the productivity of the workers along with the existing labor market conditions for improving their living standards. The policies also should consider how to raise the minimum wage minimizing the loss of jobs for achieving the goal of alleviating poverty. Moreover, rather than focusing more only on the minimum wage hike, it needs to be a part of overall reforms that help in building a society which is equitable. The other reforms should include the measures for the empowerment of workers and for revising the tax structure. Along with these, there needs to be more focus on the rise in the minimum wages at the state level and city level than at the federal level due to the wide differences in the conditions existing in the labor markets across different states and cities.

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