代写价格-商品及服务税的登记

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有免税的商品服务税要求，不需要在商品价格上增加商品服务税，尽管可以在包含商品服务税的价格上申请抵免，并由该企业购买，使商品服务税免费销售，称为“业务投入”。不含消费税的商品和服务包括大多数食品。接下来有关代写价格-商品及服务税的登记分析如下：

Likewise, when Wonder Sports purchases the supplies of 90 rackets, 10 percent is charged on the rackets, but the company can be claiming it as GST credit. Thus, the GST credit claimed per racket is 10 percent of $110. The figure that comes out is $11 per racket. Therefore, for 90 rackets, the GST credit claimed is $990. The GST paid to the tax office by Wonder Sports is the difference between the collected GST and credits paid. Therefore, the figure is $(1,980 – 990) i.e. $990. All these while, 90 rackets are considered, since 10 rackets have been returned and refund obtained. There is also assumption that all the business activities in this case have taken place in the same tax period. The Wonder Sports has been provided with the choice to register as a reasonable amount of fund has been considered for GST, the company would like and being able to claim those credits back.
For Aussie Tennis Goods, it is assumed that their price of selling the ‘sweet spot’ rackets has the GST included in it. That means Aussie Tennis Goods has been paying $10 for each racket as GST. Therefore, for 90 rackets it has paid $900 to the tax office.
The registration for GST should be applied to the Australian Business Register. The arrangement is in place for central collection in relation to the basic information. Thus, to register, Wonder Sports and Aussie Tennis Goods can use PAYG (pay as you go), TFN (tax file number) or ABN (Australian business number).
In case, Wonder Sports and Aussie Tennis Goods can be claiming deduction of income tax for some purchases in relation to the business, the GST credit should be taken off that the companies have the entitlement of claiming. In this way, there cannot be any double-dip. If the purchase is free of GST credit, which means the item is ‘input taxed’, there is availability of the full amount for deduction (Dale 2014). Small businesses like Wonder Sports are liable for a number of tax concessions, the portions of which, is payable by GST installments.
There are exemptions of the GST requirement which does not need the addition of GST on the price of the commodities, although credits can be claimed on the prices where GST are included and bought by that business in making them GST free sales, named as ‘business inputs’. The list of goods and services that are free from the GST includes most foods. Otherwise, farmland, second-hand goods, international travel, medical and health supplies, cars meant for the disabled, precious metal etc. Moreover, the business sales as going concern, does not require the addition of GST. Finally, the ‘input taxed’ supplies, including, selling of residential premises, ATM transactions, loans, rent of residential properties are exempted (Ehrich and Billett 2006). In this case, neither of the companies falls within these categories mentioned (and assumed that they are not going concerns) and thus, they are within the purview of GST.

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美国酒店管理论文代写-CSR的正确应用

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企业社会责任是一个重要的展示承诺，同时为经济的可持续发展作出贡献，与社会、当地社区、员工和客户合作，提高生活质量。由于每个公司的CSR战略都是自愿的、独特的，所以在理解一个组织是在遵循真正的CSR实践，还是仅仅是在粉饰自己以表现出社会责任时，就会面临困难。基于这一观点，essay thesis statement的主要目的在于为支持企业社会责任在英国是真实存在的这一观点提供证据，但在大多数组织中，企业社会责任被用来通过粉饰门面来赚取更多的钱。美国酒店管理论文代写-CSR的正确应用的研究范围在于借鉴英国组织，从公司法和公司治理的角度分析CSR的应用。

Corporate social responsibility is supposed to be a win-win approach. The organizations can make profits and the community in turn benefits. If there is an advantage to the society which in most situations is doubtful, then does this advantage outweigh losses the society caused by an organization through its operations in other areas. The motives of CSR are ulterior in nature. According to a study by Corporate Institute for management, UK, more than 80 percent of the decision makers for corporate CSR are highly confident over their ability to deliver branding and benefits to employees through good CSR practices. Considering an example of a simple corporate philosophy, organizations make donations for charitable organizations through their shareholders money and this can only be done if potential profit is foreseen. This may be due to improving their image through relating with an environmental or social cause or for exploiting the cheap advertising technique. However there always is an underlying motive to make more finances. The case is evident across regions ranging from US to UK.
A number of organizations like the Organization for Economic Development and Cooperation, the World Bank and the United Nations can be seen promoting CSR in an active along with the European Union and several European governments. Several publication and organizations regularly rate, report and monitor aspects related to corporate social performance and several provide awards and recognitions to business being considered as most virtuous. There has been a major spread of CSR across the continent of Europe significantly.
As per the financial vocabulary, window dressing is referred to as the utilization of short- term finance- based transactions for the manipulation of accounting values across specific reporting data. While this definition determined the financial nature of window dressing, there are only limited aspects for considering window dressing from the perspective of CSR. However, a theoretical insight had been provided by Griffin and Weber (2006) and Weaver et al (1999) that window dressing is an activity determined in terms of strategies. It has been suggested that there is occurrence of decoupling in which CSR ends up taking less strategic value within the core process of decision making and there is a rise of concern by the later stages in the process of external communication. This is the point where there is best management and creation of reputation. As such, commitment towards CSR is avoided by some companies purposely that leads towards inconsistencies between actual Corporate Social Responsibility and the message communicated with the public. Therefore, window dressing can be considered as activities performed for altering the perceptions of public by the communication of socially responsible behaviour further showing rejection to internalize the policies of CSR.
This essay has been successful in proving the thesis statement that CSR is merely an act of window dressing for making people feel good. This essay has discussed the concept of window dressing from the perspective of CSR, while referring to several case studies from UK and related laws.
In terms of CSR development, United Kingdom seems to present an awkward scenario. United Kingdom is not known for sweatshops and problems of environmental pollution. The recent scandal series of sub-standard products of United Kingdom have once again led towards a shocking perspective that various organizations in United Kingdom are not scrupulous on making capital at the cost of lives of people. Products that are made-in-United Kingdom are renowned for being related with lower cost but also lower quality of the product depicting not so responsible processes of production. The widespread picture on irresponsibility in United Kingdom Corporate ironically may be a key driver for United Kingdom based CSR development. CSR, since 2004, has formed into an essential issue in policy forums and United Kingdom academics.
Those organizations that only want to appear as green washers, should understand that there is no more time left for them to rectify their functions and soon they will be caught. This is because business’s today dominate majority of people’s lives and it is therefore not possible to leave it as their individual responsibility. Drawing over techniques to greenwash, organizations from sectors such as mining and tobacco illustrate individualized and personalized events on how their capital has helped in bringing about a difference. Hence, it can be concluded that even though a number of organizations pretend to be socially responsible, CSR cannot be considered as an act of window dressing, but there is scope of window dressing in CSR for companies.

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代写论文-版权法的意图和经济原理

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商业组织的存在是为了实现某些目标，只有当它设法满足社会的特定要求时，它才能生存，而社会必须信任该组织，并在相互同意的情况下成为其客户。协会是一个真正的组织，通过满足社会的需求，为社会提供产品和服务，让他们感到舒适，让他们的生活更容易，从而蓬勃发展。随着全球化进程的推进，贸易壁垒变得越来越少，开放市场的壁垒当然也消失了，为组织进入更多的贸易交流提供了充足的机会。随着竞争的加剧，保护发明和发现所必需的法律也越来越多，因为它成为解决市场主要问题的一个区别因素和成功因素。世界各地的文学作品、音乐唱片、电影、艺术作品和电影制片人都制定了版权法。版权法的目的是鼓励更多的创造性，从而提高竞争的强度和质量。随着时间的推移，该法律也被其生产者滥用，以保持主导地位或首选的玩家，通过延长版权，使他们可以保持一个差异化的产品在市场上，并继续获得超自然的利润。以下代写论文-版权法的意图和经济原理将讨论版权法的意图和它的经济原理，这是需要理解的，它的作用是鼓励更多的创造性和创作更高质量的作品。本文认为，版权法的制定不能鼓励更高质量的作品创作，因为资本主义的整体市场结构最终将使其在实现自我利益动机方面的重要性降低。这样的目标总是可取的，但不能在资本主义市场中制定和实施。

Considering the first rationale, if some section of the society is not benefitted by the product, it does not serve the purpose of a deficit problem in the society. If a section of society is completely on the extreme side of the industry, the copyrighted product will never benefit that section, and thus the lack of demand of this section not willing to buy such copyrighted products is not taken in to consideration while pricing the product. So obligation to society is not fully agreeable when a part of society will never benefit from such copyrighted products. Promoting general wellbeing of society is also agreed when the copyrights create more encouragement for more such creations and the society in turn benefits from it. However, when incentives are the only means and the access to such copyrighted products reduces, there is no wellbeing that can be said as absolute.

The rationale for copyright is more towards encouragement and creating competitive forces within the market, but when the same rationale is not effective in its assumptions, it loses its importance and the development of trust deficit develops. This in turn impacts the creators and their loss of confidence in the assumption of their creation getting protected. In addition, the society also develops a belief that free use, or liberalisation of access to such copyrighted materials will be more advantageous. This can also encourage more talent to create new works since they would believe more in the system due to the liberalisation of new creations.

Capitalism, as a market structure, allows everyone to behave as if acting for their own self-interest, but when this self-interest converts into copying the copyrighted materials and redistributing at lower prices than the original, it hurts the entire economy and the society. Thus, the goal of creating more copyrighted materials is always desirable but is not possible to achieve fully in a capitalistic market structure when the forces of selfish motives are acting against the safeguarding of protected materials.

Copyright law is introduced with the basis of incentivising the creator who creates works that benefits the society and in turn helps the society to achieve more by the use of such products. The intention of copyright law being the general wellbeing of society and helping specialised and rare knowledge reaching the masses at affordable costs, the results are not equivalent to the assumptions. The benefits as claimed are not transferred to all sections of the society which make the claim itself questionable. Again, the author or an artist who creates the work of arts is given exclusive rights of the use of the product; it makes it less accessible to those who really need it but cannot afford it, leading to a conclusion that the accessibility reduces with the law getting more stringent and when enforced fully. This inaccessibility of the product is not one of the main purposes of the creators and violates the intention and deprives society. Thus, copyright law is outdated and a free knowledge source is required where there is no discrimination between copyrighted and non-copyrighted products, but letting the society decide its worth depending on the value proposition.

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美国代写-利润率

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美国代写-利润率

流动比率有助于衡量组织履行短期义务的能力，包括流动比率、速动比率和现金比率。利润率有助于衡量组织从资产或资源中产生有利可图的销售的能力。这包括毛利率、营业利润率和净利润。毛利率不仅有助于估计本组织的定价战略，而且还为取得财务健康提供了适当的措施。如果没有合适的利润空间，组织就无法支付运营费用和其他相关费用，组织就无法建立一个更好的未来(Apple Annual Report, 2010)。一般来说，一个组织的毛利率应该保持稳定。如果一个组织成功地增加了销售额，降低了商品成本的价值，并提高了价格，那么毛利率就会增加。自过去6年以来，苹果的毛利率出现了一些波动，2012年最高，为43.87%，2013年最低，为37.62%。但与竞争对手相比，这一毛利率相当低。苹果公司的毛利率仅高于一个竞争对手惠普公司，如下图所示，苹果公司的营业利润率已经有了一定的稳定。
然而，在过去的6年中，这一营业利润率在2012年达到36%，是最高的。与主要竞争对手的营业利润率相比，这一比率相当高。2015年、2014年、2013年、2012年、2011年和2010年，营业利润率分别为30.48%、28.72%、28.67%、35.30%、31.22%和28.19%(苹果年报，2015)。净利润是指企业在计入可变成本和固定成本后，按利润计算留存的收入份额，主要用于进行内部比较。可接受的利润率可能涉及不同行业的差异。如果利润率较低，它们将披露波动性加大的收益。对于固定成本价值较大的企业，利润空间的扩大最终会降低销售额下降的风险，进而导致净利润的损失。去年6年之间的时间,最高的净利润率是26.67%在2012年和2010年最低为21.48%。尽管似乎有一些波动,净利润率相当高与竞争对手相比。

美国代写-利润率

Liquidity ratios help in measuring the ability of organization for meeting the short term obligations of an organization, including current ratio, quick ratio, and cash ratio. The profitability ratios help in measuring the ability of the organization for the generation of profitable sales from the assets or resources. This includes Gross Profit Margin, Operating Profit Margin, and Net Profit Margin. The gross profit margin not only assists in estimating the pricing strategy of the organization, but it also provides appropriate measures for obtaining financial health. In the absence of appropriate profit margin, an organization fails in making payment of operating expenses and other related expenses, and hence, the organization fails in building a better future (Apple Annual Report, 2010). In the general sense, the gross profit margin of an organization should be maintaining stability. There can be an increase in gross profit margin if an organization succeeds in increasing sales, reducing the value of cost of goods sold, and increasing the price. There have been some fluctuations in the gross profit margin of Apple since the last 6 years, being highest in the year 2012 a 43.87 per cent and lowest in the year 2013 at 37.62 per cent. However, in comparison with the competitors, this profit margin is considerably low. The gross profit margin of Apple is only higher than one competitor, namely, HP Inc.There has been some stability in the operating profit margin of Apple Inc. as depicted in the chart below.
However, during the period of past 6 years, this operating profit margin was highest in the year 2012 reaching 36 percent. When compared with the operating profit margin of the key competitors, this ratio is considerably high. For the year 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011 and 2010, the value of operating profit margin is 30.48 percent, 28.72 percent, 28.67 percent, 35.30 percent, 31.22 percent and 28.19 percent respectively (Apple Annual Report, 2015).Net profit margin depicts the share of revenue that is kept aside by a company in terms of profit after the accountability for variable costs and fixed costs, and is used primarily for conducting internal comparisons. The acceptable margins of profit may involve variations across industries. If the profit margins are narrow, they will be revealing earnings with increased volatility. For organizations having significant value of fixed costs, wider margins of profit ends up reducing the risk regarding declining sales, further causing a loss of net profit. Between the duration of last 6 years, the highest net profit margin was 26.67 per cent in the year 2012 and was lowest in the year 2010 at 21.48 per cent. Even though there seems to be some fluctuations, the net profit margin is considerably high in comparison with the competitors.

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美国会计学论文代写-股票趋势的技术分析

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Turner(2007)认为，交易者通常利用的时间有4个一般的交易框架。这些交易包括头寸交易、波动交易、日内交易和动量交易。持仓交易包括可能持有数日的股票。摇摆交易是指可能持有2-5天的股票。日内交易包括一天内买卖的股票。动量交易包括在几秒钟内买卖股票或贷款。每一段时间都有其风险回报的个人比率，在这种情况下，较短的时间通常与较高的风险相关。由于计算机系统，计算能力将有可能集中在2个短时间内。然而，由于数据集的可用性，有关可用性的信息包括股票的每日定价，但重点仍将放在波动交易上。利用该技术，开发预测模型的实现。美国会计学论文代写-股票趋势的技术分析为留学生分享如下：

Furthermore, movement of price lies in the trends. A trend in price is the stock’s price prevailing direction over certain time period. The trend concept perhaps is the quintessential thought when performing technical analysis as most technical tools or components are designed so that they can identify and follow the present trends. When performing technical analysis, what is looked at specifically is price data patterns that signal continuity or trend reversal try to maintain. It is a must for traders to understand circumstances signally continuous trends so that the trend can be ridden as farther as possible. It is also essential to look at situations signalling trend based reversal so that stocks can be sold prior to the turns of trend or purchase of stock at the reverses moment. An example can be quoted here that if one holds a specific stock in an upward trend; the trader is looking at continuing in the upward trend for confirming this position as well as reversals so that the position can be exited prior to the stock going into downward trend. Therefore, traders look at stocks that are in trend presently in order to try and analyse the key achievements for that particular trend and either purchase or sell based on the present position. For the technical analysis methods to be of value, it is essential to take it under assumption that prices will form trends.
When technical analysis based trading is done, it is essential to examine data from stock price for patterns of price which might in certain manners predict price direction in the long term future. Consequently, it is essential to assume that patterns of price form with a specific consistency and that patterns of price which have gained success in the past, will continue to be of success in long term future. As evident that financial markets are fuelled through acts of humans and expectations, Murphy (1999) attributed the regular formation and predictive pattern of price as well as calculation of price for a study within human psychology and team dynamics dependent upon behaviour finances.
Financial theory initially was based predominantly over the hypothesis for efficient markets. This hypothesis originally stated that traded assets price are efficient informationally implying that their price always completely reflects all known data and changes to new data instantly may take place. Every market agent furthermore is such that they maximize utility along with having rationalized expectations. Considering such an assumption, all attempts to analyse previous price and trading stocks is a waste as it would not be possible for consistently outperforming markets as all known data is integrated within price and every agent values the information in an equal manner. Successful theoretical and empirical work was supported by the theory and was considered widely as proved. From the dominance height, however, the theory has gained much challenge and its focus has transitioned towards behaviour based finances.

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