华盛顿论文代写-中国无现金支付的研究

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在当今世界，顾客在购买商品时喜欢使用创新的系统。不同类型的支付系统是企业的重要创新之一，因为已经发现消费者可以从其他支付方式中获得许多好处(Tee和Ong, 2016)。在这方面，商业世界已经接受了无现金支付的过程。中国是将无现金支付系统作为一种创新支付方式的国家之一。本文将华盛顿论文代写-中国无现金支付的研究为对象。为了有效地制定研究工作，本研究将在接下来的研究中制定研究目的、研究目标和研究问题。

According to the view of Batiz-Lazo and Smith (2016), China has accepted the process of cashless payment to become the part of cashless society of the world. The business world has accepted the process to make the payment in an easier way, but it is important to identify the popularity or acceptance of this system among customers of the country. Majority of Chinese people are using mobile phones to fulfil their different needs. Vast use of mobile phones has influenced the process of e-commerce into the country and customers like to pay through internet while purchase from online portals (Chen et al., 2014). However, it is important to know whether the consumers of the country like to pay through cashless payment system or they want to pay manually. A research work can be conducted on different types of customers like young age and old age customers to know the fact explicitly.
1.3 Research Aim and Objectives
To investigate the perceptions and attitudes of the Chinese customers towards the cashless payment system
To identify the most popular cashless payment tools for Chinese consumers and their advantages
To explore the difficulties and problems of the Chinese customers with the cashless payment system
To compare the difference in acceptance of cashless payment between younger generation and older generation consumers in China

In accordance with Porath (2017), it can be said that Chinese population is using the process of cashless payment system. The country wants to make cashless society to improve their payment process. A cashless society does not mean that people have no cash, but it provides the facility to make payment without carrying cash. In China, due to the advancement of technologies that people prefer using electronic media to fulfil all the possible needs (Chen et al., 2014). Payment against purchase is also one of the vital factors in everyday life of the people. Therefore, it can be assumed that the population may like to use electronic media to fulfil this need. This particular research study will shed light on attitude of Chinese consumers towards the perception of cashless society, so that this study will help to understand the liking and disliking of consumers of the country about cashless society. Two major types of consumers are seen in the Chinese market and first of them are the young generation consumers who are highly familiar with the electronic payment processes and others are the older generation consumers who are quite unfamiliar with this system. The research work will help to understand the difference of attitude of these two generations of consumers towards cashless society in China. Hence, this research work will pay vital role to provide information about the acceptance of the cashless society among Chinese consumers. Keeping the importance that cashless payment is supposed to be attaining in this age of technology in the foreseeable future in China, the researcher has concentrated this effort to trace the advantages of cashless payment system in the context of the Chinese market. Moreover, this research is certain to open up more scopes for the researcher. In this case of conducting researches related to cashless payment in the near future.

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代写assignment-波特五力分析的应用

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在本次作业中，代写assignment-波特五力分析的应用将应用于快时尚产业。还应详细分析潜在的结构决定因素，以了解每种力量对快时尚产业的相对影响。此外，在分配工作中将进行价值链分析，并确定H&M竞争优势的关键来源。并分析了H&M在市场上具有竞争优势的核心竞争力。接下来，我们将讨论H&M所追求的国际战略，并将评估与此方法相关的潜在风险。波特五力分析是分析行业竞争水平、确定行业业务发展战略的有效方法。如果我们把这种模式应用到快时尚行业，会发现很多因素。

Firstly, let us analyse the industry with respect to the threat of new entrants. It seems that for a new industry, there are potential new entrants that wish to enter the industry. However, there are various threats to a new entrant to restrict their entry into the industry. For the fast fashion industry, the potential threats can be huge capital requirements which product differentiation because there are already too many players dominating in this industry. The second factor is the threat of the substitutes. It is analysed that the threat of substitutes for the fast fashion industry may be in the form of buyer propensity to choose alternate brands for a lot of factors. These may be the need for better sizes or a variety of colours. There is always an increasing demand of products available at lower prices. Promotional offers are circulated by different brands every now and then. Hence, relative price performance of other brands can be a major threat for the other brands since customers might be more attracted to choosing and buying products during discount offers, sales or other promotional offers. Slashed prices which clubbed with other attractive offers can draw the attention of even loyal customers easily to choose another brand. In the times of cut throat competition, it is almost an impossible task to create brand loyalty (Porter, 1979).
The third factor to be considered is the bargaining power of customers. It is defined as the ability of customers to put pressure on a firm. It also affects the sensitivity of customers to price changes. In the fast fashion industry, the customers have a much higher bargaining power since they have a plethora of alternatives to choose from. Also, attractive offers and a large number of substitutes give additional power to the customers to choose from. The next factor to be considered is the bargaining power of suppliers. The supply of labour, components, raw materials and special services like expertise, can be a major source of power to the firm if the market has fewer substitutes. However, this is unlikely for the fast fashion industry because there are countless alternative brands in the market and hence the customers have high bargaining power. Thus, a large number of substitutes in the market give to the customers to choose their products. The last factor in Porter’s five force model is the industry rivalry. In today’s times, the fast fashion industry is severely affected by this factor. There is so much competition between online and offline companies in this industry. The level of advertising expenditure is very high. This is due to the high competition presented in the market. In addition, firms have to deal with the constant need of customers to change and be in-line with the latest trends and fashion in the market. Thus by looking at Porter’s five force analysis of the fast fashion industry, it is seemingly interesting to deduct that the industry is in huge demand in today’s era. It is one of the most booming industries of today. Nevertheless, with high demand, a lot of factors which have to be in place for a new entrant to enter in this industry are involved. The huge amounts of capital required in this business and the constant need to be in line with the latest fashion as it changes some of the biggest hurdles to enter this industry. This is because fashion is a fad and changes quickly. Hence, brands need to be constantly in line with the latest fashion to be a good market player. This is the five force analysis of the fast fashion industry in brief (Porter, 1985).

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美国论文代写-权力在买方和供应商关系中的重要性

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美国论文代写-权力在买方和供应商关系中的重要性。跨国公司的买方与供应商关系是买方从供应商处部分或批量采购原材料、成品和服务的必然事件。这种关系在其设置上是独特的，因为它标志着两个实体的不可分离。这种关系的质量在很大程度上取决于一方对另一方施加的权力影响的大小，以及对施加于这种影响的市场力量的影响的大小。这种关系的讽刺之处在于，权力能够决定这种关系的条件，而这种条件也不是稳定的，可以随时间和市场动态的变化而变化。因此，权力会在不同的时间以不同的身份对买方或供应商造成损害或受益。关于权力在买方和供应商关系中的有用性和无用性的文献已经有很多。这在很大程度上对形成这种关系的质量、持续时间和强度起着至关重要的作用。

What is power in the context of buyer supplier relationship?
Power is an acquired or inherited strategic tool associated with an extra possession with which one party can influence the other in order to fulfil a self-advancing motive (Anklesaria, 2008). When party A is in a position to influence party B to do something, which in normal cases B would refrain, then it is defined as power.
Factors affecting the use of power
Power is used knowingly or unknowingly. It is always used to make a gain. For power to be effective in its results, it must be associated with a specific possession. These advantageous possessions could be a large firm size, the asymmetric information, the influence to the price through the size of the order, scarcity of specific goods and services and utility of specific goods and services. These culminate into a powerful tool which is used by marketing companies to make customers make a purchase decision immediately. When these possessions are cemented and amplified by the buyer or the supplier that have power in its favour, the resulting impact is the influence that one desires to exert on the other (Korda, 2011). Howsoever unethical the use of power may be for the victim party, it is a fact that it has become a part of regular negotiations all across the world by small and large multinationals, even domestic companies. Exploiting weakness of the smaller and the weak has become a norm by the powerful and the large. The balance of power varies and oscillates between the buyer and supplier on various dependencies.

Turkkantos (2014) discusses the variance of expert power, market power, legitimate-coercive power and firm size power to have different impacts on the buyer supplier exchange. As per the research, when market power, expert power and firm size power are utilised, it has a positive impact on the firm’s performance. This is ideal when a powerful company uses its superior position to deal with a supplier. The supplier faces some pressure of power and wean in to the buyer’s demands, however hesitant it may be. Morsey and Ibrahim (2013) argue that when the buyer supplier exchange is about sharing information, use of power must be discouraged. Only when power is balanced between the two entities, could innovative knowledge be fruitful. Information thus bars the selfish use of power and recommends a balance to fructify the results.
Kahkonen and Lintukangas (2013) researched that when possible, buyer companies being large in size tends to use power for benefiting their contract terms. They also found that there are some companies where the suppliers’ were equally large the power was offered to be shared among both, which indicates that power has both unethical use as well as ethical use. It depends on the market conditions, the conditions of the companies which negotiate the contract and the extent of profitability that can be ascertained and expected if power is put on the table. Touboulic, Chicksand and Walker (2012) find out that the use of power between buyers and suppliers relies on the relevancy of their extent of the compliancy of legislative and ethical codes. When power is appropriate to be used for self-interest fulfilment, it is used unhesitatingly. When there are compliance issues, they tend to lead to a breach of legislation that is almost ignored.
It is agreed here that power is always a tool and is often considered as a luxury when buyers and suppliers interact and try to negotiate a contract. The arguments of the above mentioned authors and researchers are almost agreed because power is something that is relentlessly associated with unethical uses due to its advantageous nature which is used to seek something that is not easily available through normal means.

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代写essay-有关女性歧视的玻璃天花板概念

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玻璃天花板是组织实践的一个指定名称，其中包括在特定职位和晋升上故意歧视女性。它变得如此微妙，以至于尽管遭到公开拒绝，它仍然非常活跃。自20世纪60年代以来，女性一直是劳动力的一部分。在许多情况下，他们作出了同样甚至更多的贡献，但他们仍然得不到应有的地位。早期存在的玻璃天花板形式是合法的，因为传统价值观反对立即将全职妇女转变为全职工人。男权社会允许公开的歧视，但在公开的鄙视之后又以不同的形式出现。第二代性别歧视是指在工作中对女性的一种创新的歧视方式，这种方式已经得到了广泛的发展，并对“玻璃天花板”的持续存在产生了影响。虽然在全球范围内，玻璃天花板堕胎的意识已经超出了人们的认知范围，但代写essay-有关女性歧视的玻璃天花板概念已经成为一个更加隐蔽的概念，它可以保持沉默，按照社会结构的父权规则行事。

Glass ceiling had been predominant in its open use in organisations where male dominance is seen as a common denominator since societal values requires men to earn the bread and women to look after the house and children (Davidson and Burke, 2005). These notions changed during the 1960s industrial revolution when women were keenly seen as an important contributor. There was a general need of expanding production with more workers. This encouraged women to start working full time and earn extra money for the household. Requirement for women workers kept growing. They started to compete with men at workplace. Some women even surpassed men’s abilities and skills (Bloch, 2003). Organisations, initially, openly discriminated against women since they were seen a temporary replacement for a permanent employment. Hence, they were always less favoured in most activities in which they were fully eligible. Sophisticated work practices grew and realisation of glass ceiling kept growing as more and more women started to experience workplace discrimination (Broadbridge, 2006). The awareness was for real and grew into a force, which was also supported by the changes in laws that rejected any kind of discrimination. The first generation bias that allowed open discrimination against women had to take a backseat and consider revitalising itself into a more sophisticated model where the glass ceiling would continue to exist but its perception would be invisible.
Cotter et al. (2001) says that the existence of glass ceiling at higher levels was more than at the lower levels of organisational hierarchy. They stress upon the ceiling’s existence in more importance roles where women are often subtly denied the roles of management of executive officers. They are specific about the existence and thriving of glass ceiling by the way job-relevant characteristics are not able to define gender or racial difference. This indicates the subtle nature of glass ceiling. The reasons remain embedded in the patriarchal mind set at workplace and the inability of opening up to the realisation of the discrimination. Ibarra, Ely and Kolb (2013) assert the existence of residual glass ceilings. They are invisible in nature and perception but dominant in their spheres of action. This leads to the invincibility of glass ceiling, because it is practiced in a way which makes it look natural and inevitable rather than intentional and self-interested.
Glass ceiling have had massive resistance since decades because the growth of women had always been stalled after a particular position, beyond which they are deliberately denied promotion, success, important project roles and management roles (Northouse, 2013). In current roles of organisational occupation, almost 75% of men make more pay than women, which indicates the lack of organisational responsibility toward the laws that require them to uphold equality in pay and avoid all kinds of discrimination (Lanier, 2006). Many women have agreed that the environment which, looks great for work and neutral for all gender makes them feel less involved when important projects are executed (Boeri, Del Boca and Pissarides, 2005; Cohn, 2000). Management decides the allocation of roles quite easily on merit. Men are more assertive in their conduct and are accepted as natural be promoted to these roles of importance and accept higher pay. The barrier for women at work is for real. It is impenetrable and imperceptible at times and it is a serious issue for women and the organisations adherence to equality laws across the workplace domain (Glass Ceiling Commission – Good for Business: Making Full Use of the Nation’s Human Capital, 1995).

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論文代寫行情-組織變革管理的研究

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關於這項論文代寫行情-組織變革管理的研究，可以這樣說，選擇的組織是私人的，這是當今世界上最著名的公司之一。該公司正是谷歌，該研究將強調組織變革的管理。本研究將首先介紹組織變革概念的實質，並穩步推進文獻綜述。在文獻綜述部分，它將在更廣泛的範圍內使組織變革多樣化，主要關註信息技術、文化、領導、創新和其他各種問題。文献综述将支持提供关于其他几家公司所发生的各种组织变革的广泛知识。研究将继续概述研究方法。在这一部分中，研究将详细说明收集资料所必需的方法。这项研究将概述将使用的方法的理由。

With respect to methodology, the study will use both primary and secondary data in order to provide in-depth information and details about the concerned topic (Lewis, 2011). In context to research methodology, it will help in explaining the rationale of the application of the certain procedures or the techniques. These are used to identify, select and analyze the information which has been applied for the understanding of the problems of the research and thereby help the reader to evaluate and criticize the reliability and the validity of the study. The portion of research methodology helps in the provision of answers to the two major questions that are the manner in which data has been collected or generated and how it was analysed. The study will then outline the case study where the chosen company is the main focus. In the beginning of the case study, it will provide a general introduction about the company which will focus on the background and the profile of the company. The chosen company in this respect is Google which is an extremely renowned company. Without adequate information about the company, the study will not have a suitable base on the basis of which the entire study will be focused. It will outline the various organisational changes that have taken place within the company. When the organisational changes were mentioned, it will take into consideration five questions. First, it includes the reasons behind the changes that have taken place in the organisation and the main purpose of change. Secondly, the various stakeholders who were involved in the process of change were mentioned and the role each of the stakeholders played in this process of change will also be outlined. Thirdly, with the support of the suitable theories and framework, the various processes of changes and alterations that have occurred in the organisation will be underlined. Fourthly, the manner in which the changing context of the organization has influenced the alterations within Google will be described. Lastly, it will provide a justification regarding the manner in which the outcome of change will be evaluated. In this area, the two issues will only be mentioned and elaborated. The next portion of the study will provide a discussion which will mainly include the literature review, research methodology and the case study. All the issues will be discussed elaborately in this portion in order to provide a clear understanding as to what the entire study is about and the problems associated with Google.

Organisational change is considered to be a process where Google tries to move from the present situation to a state which is desired for the future aspects. This will increase the effectiveness. In order to describe change characteristically, it is extremely important if Google wants to avoid stagnation and is interested in increasing the competitive business. The change means to carry out the tasks differently in order to accept and cope up with the changes which are present in the environment of the said organisation (Graetz and Smith, 2011). Alterations or change in part or department of the organisation is likely to have a great impact on the entire functioning of the organisation. Changes can be both reactive and proactive. As far as the the proactive changes, they are required to be planned from before in order to anticipate the challenges of the future. The proactive changes are started and initiated by the management of the company. As against the proactive changes, the reactive changes are automatic decisions which are taken considering the environment. In the present situation of economic pressure and the growth of the priorities related to politics, the changes in the organisation are becoming extremely common. Change is considered to be extremely complex in nature which has both positive and negative outcomes.

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