标签存档： 代写report

美国代写report：管理组织变革

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美国代写report：管理组织变革

简而言之，可以说，苹果在前一个领导时代能够发展的权力文化有一些缺点。其中包括员工创造力和积极性，与决策过程相关的高度风险，以及领导者决策所面临的较低管理风险的批评。然而，可以说，组织可能会面临严重的后果，因为新领导的领导能力和业务技能可能不足以处理这些后果。
在本报告中，将讨论外部变革顾问在组织内的角色。进一步推进，推动文化变革的力量将被确定和讨论。还将讨论组织可能为实现其目标而面临的问题。还应提供有关变更管理相关理论变革的实施建议。
推动相关变革的力量
组织变革是为了应对不断变化的环境，或作为对当前危机局势的反应。由于行政权力的变化而发生组织变革时，可以得到具体的证据。影响组织效能的因素很普遍（Ackerman，2001）。其他关键要素包括激励制度和结构。对于其保存，转换和分析，也不能采取适当的方法。这些因素包括与外部环境变化相关的某些因素，以及能够提高内部管理有效性的因素。所有的组织都必须意识到变化的原因，内部条件和外部环境，这有助于决定哪些因素应该改变。组织变革最着名的目标是战略，结构，文化，愿景，制度，领导风格和生产技术。
文化是指规范，基本假设和成员的集体价值（George＆Jones 2007）。这些变化包括这些基本假设的内容和集体价值的变更。基本上，与隐性文化相比，显性文化的变化可以很容易地进行管理。另一方面，领导力是一个组织内部的有影响力的力量。领导风格的变化影响着员工与团队的互动。

美国代写report：管理组织变革

In simple words, it can be stated that the power culture that Apple was able to develop in the previous leadership era had a number of disadvantages. These included creativity and initiatives of employees being under-utilized, high degree of risk related to decision making process and no criticism from lower management risk being faced by decisions of the leader. However, it can be stated that the organization might face serious consequences as the leadership and business skills of the new leader might not be adequate enough to handle these consequences.
In this report, role of external change consultant within an organization will be discussed. Further ahead, forces that drive cultural change will be identified and discussed. Problems will also be discussed that the organization might face for the achievement of their goals. Recommendations shall also be provided with respect to implementation of change related to relevant theories of change management.
Forces driving relevant Change
Organizational change takes place as a response to a changing environment or as a reaction towards a current situation of crisis. Specific evidence can be obtained when organizational changes occur due to change in executive power. The factors that influence effectiveness of organization are widespread (Ackerman 2001). Other key elements include incentive systems and structure. Development of appropriate approaches also cannot be done for its preservation, transformation, and analysis. These include certain factors in relation with changes in external environment and factors that are capable enough to improve the effectiveness of internal management. All organizations must be aware of reasons to change, internal condition, and external environment that help in deciding which factors should be changed. The most known target of organizational change involves strategy, structure, culture, vision, system, leadership style, and producing technology.
Culture refers to norms, basic assumptions, and collective value of members (George & Jones 2007). The change includes alteration of content of these basic assumptions and collective value. Basically, change in explicit culture can be easily managed in comparison with implicit culture. On the other hand, leadership is an influential force within an organization. Change in style of leadership influences the interaction of its employees and the group dynamic.

代写report：羊群行为的合理性

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代写report：羊群行为的合理性
羊群行为被称为群体中的个体的行为，可以在没有集中指导的情况下以集体的方式行事。这个特定的术语可以被称为在群体，鱼类学校，鸟群，包，示威，一般罢工和骚乱中的动物所遵循的行为。股票市场的大趋势通常会以与买卖有关的泡沫的疯狂时间开始（Park，1991）。一些过度的服务引用了所有这些事件都是羊群行为不合理的明显证据，而驱动它的主要因素是情绪。这些包括在泡沫内的崩溃和贪婪内的恐惧。与市场行为相关的重要模型可以分析市场。已知的工作表现与文学相关的最少两个相关链（Morck1989）有关。基于此，可以说，由于是一个极其宽泛的概念，羊群行为没有明确的定义。从最一般的意义上讲，羊群行为被称为与其他个体相关的行为模式。然而，放牧的概念已知导致全体人民作出系统性的错误决策。
模仿和模仿被认为是最基本的本能。放牧的证据可以在时尚和流行之中找到，就像关于如何进行最合适的换位的基本决定一样，以及研究需要考虑的主题。在金融领域，羊群具有普遍性的潜力。放牧方面对协调机制有很大的要求。

代写report：羊群行为的合理性

Herding behaviour is referred to as the behaviour of an individual within the group that can act in a collective manner in the absence of centralized direction. This particular term can be referred to as the behaviour being followed by animals when in groups, fish schools, bird flocks, packs, demonstrations, general strikes and riots. Large trends in the market of stock often end and start with the duration of bubbles that are frenzied buying or crashes that are related to sale (Park 1991). It has been cited by a number of the over served that all of these episodes are clear evidence of having herding behaviour that is not rational and the main factor driving it is emotions. These include fear within the crashes and greed within the bubbles. A significant model related to herd behaviour can be analysed with respect to the market. The performance of work is known to be in relation with a minimum of two relevant strands related to literature (Morck1989). Based on this, it can be stated that there is no precise definition of herding behaviour due to the fact of being an extremely broad concept. In the most general sense, herding behaviour is referred to as the patterns of behaviour that are in correlation with other individuals. However, the concept of herding is known to result in systematic erroneous making of decision by the whole population.
Mimicry and imitation is known to be amongst the most basic instincts. The evidence for herding can be found within fads and fashion, just as same as the basic decision regarding how there must be the most appropriate commutation and what topic must be considered for research. Within the realm of finance, herding holds the potentiality of being universal. There is a significant requirement of mechanism with coordination when it comes to herding.

美国代写report：如何留住员工

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美国代写report：如何留住员工

自愿离职是许多组织的问题
员工保留是各种业务遭受的主要问题。作者解释说，多高效和诚恳的员工可以用来应用不同的激励理论。来自知名心理学家的理论已被解释为激励员工和他们的保留（Ramlall，2004）。
人力资源政策和做法必须公平才能激励员工。过程的公平性和目的的公平性是非常重要的，员工对于员工的保留必须被理解。职场正义对于工作场所的多样性非常重要（Kirby＆Richard，2000）。
内部沟通对于突出组织结构的变化至关重要。员工参与决策过程可以大大有助于员工保留（Deetz，Tracy＆Simpson，2000）。
管理层在员工保留中采取的四个关键举措可能是激励员工，管理沟通，管理内部沟通和管理组织内的信息（Gay，Mahoney＆Graves，2005）。
管理者在企业和员工保留方面发挥着重要作用。该杂志为减少员工流失提供了深入的见解和调查问题，也有助于保留员工（Sexter，2002）。

美国代写report：如何留住员工

Voluntary turnover is a problem for many organizations
Employee retention is a major problem that every kind of business has suffered. The author explains that how efficient and sincere employees can be used to apply different motivational theories. Theories from renowned psychologists have been explained for motivating employees and their retention (Ramlall, 2004).
The HR policies and practices must be fair to motivate employees. The process fairness and purpose fairness are highly important and must be understood by the employees for the employee retention. Workplace justice is very important for workplace diversity (Kirby & Richard, 2000).
Internal communication is very vital in bringing prominent changes in the structure of Organization. Employee participation in decision making process can be greatly helpful in employee retention (Deetz, Tracy & Simpson, 2000).
Four critical moves to be taken by management in employee retention could be motivating employees, management communication, managing internal communication and managing information within organization (Gay, Mahoney & Graves, 2005).
The mangers play an important role in business and employee retention. The journal provides the insight and survey questions for reducing employee turnover and also aids in employee retention (Sexter, 2002).

代写report：美索不达米亚早期社会

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代写report：美索不达米亚早期社会

欧贝德时期第一个基本的社会结构，包括当地的酋长、祭司、农民和牧民的动物。随着对农业的依赖，粮仓，粮仓的初始托管，随着大量的农业用地（三分之一）躺在寺庙，王权的升级时间的力量和声称此前被认为是寺庙财产。在乌鲁克时期，“该”是谁忽略了寺庙的运营官员，而“villeins”谁曾在他们的下属。楔形刻泥板、油缸密封件和伞边碗是一些基本的挖掘结果，揭示在美索不达米亚社会早期，所有这些可以追溯到乌鲁克时期（Postgate 53）。同时强调在欧贝德时期陶器，乌鲁克时期铜器的出现。

这一时期的一个有趣的社会学方面是妇女在社会中地位的逐渐下降。欧贝德时期和早期的乌鲁克文化时期聚落已经在老年村的妇女委员会代表。但对晚期乌鲁克时期，城邦的兴起，女性的角色开始局限于家务和抚养孩子。尽管有了这种发展，妇女仍然有权根据自己的意愿继承财产以及结婚和离婚。仪式与节日有重要的社会地位，以及与农业相关的周期，月相，分点，对在位君主等奴隶制度的成就不是最初跟随，但随着战争和征服，它应运而生（马休斯33）。

代写report：美索不达米亚早期社会

The Ubaid period witnessed the first rudimentary social structures, comprising of local chieftains, priests, farmers and animal-herders. With increasing dependence on agriculture, granaries were built and while the initial custodianship of the granaries, along with a large chunk of the agricultural land (up to one third) lay with the temple, the power of kingship escalated with time and claimed what was earlier considered as temple property. During the Uruk Period, ‘Ensi’ were officials who overlooked the operations of temples, while ‘Villeins’ were the subordinates who worked under them. The cuniform-engraved clay tablets, cylinder seals and bevel-rimmed bowls are some of the prime excavated findings that throw light on Early Mesopotamian Society, and all of these date back to the Uruk Period (Postgate 53). While Pottery was emphasized on during the Ubaid Period, the Uruk Period witnessed the advent of Copper Artefacts.

An interesting sociological aspect of this period is the gradual decline in the position of women in society. The Ubaid Period and Early Uruk Period Settlements are known to have has equal representation of women in the Village ‘Council of Elders’. But towards the late Uruk Period and the rise of City States, the role of women started getting confined to household chores and child-raising. Despite this development, women were still entitled to inherit property as well as get married and divorced based on their free will. Rituals and festivals had an important place in society, and were associated with agricultural cycles, lunar phases, equinoxes, accomplishments of the reigning monarch etc. The practice of Slavery was not initially followed, but with increasing wars and conquests, it came into being (Matthews 33).

 

美国代写report：女奴生活中的事件

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美国代写report：女奴生活中的事件

作者包括的事件

总的来说，严格按照时间顺序排列的男性叙述是关注叙事者的生活的，因为这个故事与他走向奴隶制的旅程有关。与此相反的是，雅各的故事创造了一个关于她自己生活事件的焦点。除此之外，雅各布并没有遵循严格的时间顺序格式，而是为了解决奴隶制和教会等某些政治或社会问题或“逃犯奴隶法”的效果而打断了自己的叙述。结果，叙述并不符合其他男性叙述的格式。

主要主题

所遵循的主题与奴隶制经济有关，如苦难，痛苦，争取自由，自我主张，自我定义，社区支持和家庭忠诚。写作被用来作为抵抗，自我表达和自由的来源。识字问题已经被当作比喻来用来表达自由，作为学习写作和阅读的奴隶，往往是最终逃跑的人。然而，由于其他主题也包括在内，如基督教与奴隶制之间的道德冲突，种族主义与色彩偏见，家庭忠诚与遗弃，这些写作并没有完全保留这些主题。

结论

尽管雅各利用了19世纪浪漫主义小说中的风格，可能是因为这是她唯一可用的模式，但内容倾向于创造一个焦点，而不是虚构的主角所经历的事件，而事件她经历了自己。

美国代写report：女奴生活中的事件

Events included by the Author

In general, a strict chronological format had been followed by the male narratives that focus on the life of narrators as the story has been related to his journey moving towards freedom from slavery. In contradiction to this, the narrative by Jacob created a focus on events of her own life. In addition to this, rather than following a strict chronological format, Jacob has interrupted her own narrative for addressing certain political or social issues like slavery and the church, or the effect of the Law on Fugitive Slave. In a consequent manner, the narratives had not been appropriate in accordance with the format of other male narrative.

Key Themes

The main themes followed are related to the economy of slavery such as, suffering, pain, struggle for freedom, self- assertion, self- definition, support of community, and loyalty of family. The writing has been used as a source of resistance, self- expression and freedom as well. The problem of literacy has been considered and used as metaphor in order to express freedom as slaves who learned to write and read, were often the ones who ended up running away. However, the writing does not stay intact to these themes as other themes have been included as well such as conflict of morality between Christianity and slavery, racism and color prejudice, loyalty of families and abandonment.

Conclusion

Even though Jacob utilized the style followed in romantic novels of 19th century in her writing, probably because this had been the only available model to her, the content tends to be creating a focus not on the events experienced by a fictional protagonist, but the events she experienced herself.

美国代写report：供需模型

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美国代写report：供需模型

根据塔克（Tucker，2012，p。404），收入模型的循环流动显示了企业与家庭之间的货币，资源和产品的流动。图中的一半显示了产品市场和其他要素市场。在产品市场上，企业以货币和要素市场的形式出售商品和服务给家庭，企业需要资源，资本，劳动力和制造商品和服务所需的其他因素。在产品市场中，供需模型决定了交换的商品的价格和数量。在要素市场中，相同的模型决定了要求因素的回报。因此，商品和服务在一个方向上流动，而在循环流图中另一个相关的支付流（Tucker，2012，p.405）。

问题（i）

当澳大利亚政府购买美军飞机时，这是一个净撤出。一般来说，政府会以税收，关税等形式为经济支出（军队和其他所有人）提供资金。因此，为了购买军用飞机并加强防御，澳大利亚政府将从澳大利亚的家庭，但不会有任何交换。澳大利亚企业还没有获得任何注资，但这是美国飞机业务，在这种情况下，收入流入。所以这是一个净撤回。

问题（ii）

当政府的支出增加时，可以认为是有利于澳大利亚的家庭。政府反过来又通过税收和公共借款来支付这笔开支。所以既不是退缩，也不是注射。

问题 (iii)

当政府的支出增加时，这对澳大利亚家庭是有利的。政府反过来又通过税收收入和印刷更多的资金来支付这笔开支。政府已经出钱为澳大利亚家庭做些事情。没有任何付款的家庭受益。所以这是一个净注入。

美国代写report：供需模型

According to Tucker (2012, p.404), a circular flow of income model shows the flow of money, resources and products between businesses and households. One half of the figure shows product markets and the other factor markets. In product markets, the firms sell their goods and services to households in exchange for money and in factor markets, the businesses demand resources, capital, labour, and other factors needed to manufacture their goods and services. In the product markets, the demand and supply models determine the prices and quantities of goods in exchange. In the factor market, the same models determine the returns to the demanded factors. Thus goods and service flow in one direction and the related payments flow in the other in the figure of circular flow (Tucker, 2012, p.405).

Problem (i)

When the Australian government purchases US military aircraft, it is a net withdrawal. The government, in general, raises funds, for its expenditure (military and all others) from the economy, in the form of taxes, tariffs, etc. So to purchase the military aircraft and strengthen defense, the Australian government would have collected taxes from the Australian households, but will not have given anything in exchange. The Australian businesses have not obtained any injection, but it is the US aircraft business, that has an inflow of income in this case. So this is a net withdrawal.

Problem (ii)

When the government’s expenditure is increased, it can be assumed that it is in favour to the Australian households. The government has in turn, funded this expenditure through tax revenues and borrowings from the general public. So it is neither a withdrawal nor an injection.

Problem (iii)

When the government’s expenditure is increased, it is in favour to the Australian households. The government has in turn, funded this expenditure through tax revenues and printing more money. The government has printed money to do something in favour of the Australian households. The households are benefited without any payment. So it is a net injection.