标签存档: 美国论文代写价格

影响美国论文代写价格的主要因素有哪些?

影响美国论文代写价格的主要因素有哪些?初到美国留学的同学们如果遇到不会写的论文大多都会寻找美国论文代写帮助,但在选择美国论文代写机构的过程中会发现价格高低不同,不知道应该怎样选择。面对这些困惑不必焦虑,毕竟论文的难易程度不同,美国论文代写价格也自然不同。接下来,我们就为同学们介绍影响美国论文代写价格的主要因素有哪些。

论文题目

论文的题目不同,代写价格也是不尽相同的。论文选题比较常见,写作素材比较多,容易采集相关资料,加之美国论文代写AdvancedThesis写过很多此类型论文,写作起来既可以很快,又可以保证质量。如果题目不能写的过于宽泛,对写手的能力及精力要求都比较高,因为要针对性写,不可以泛泛的套用,因此写作难度上要大很多,因此价格也要高的多。

论文的字数要求

论文的字数要求是决定论文代写价格的一个重要因素。一篇论文如果写成2000字和写成5000字,写法上肯定不同,字数多的论文需要收集的资料就更多,写作难度和所花费的时间就要更多一些,因此论文代写价格就出现了不同。

论文的交稿日期

这里有一个问题就是,许多留学生因为之前没有想过找美国论文代写帮助,被老师催要后,才去找代写机构帮忙,这样紧急的需要时间。那么论文创作专家就要加班熬夜去写作,时间上或许可以保证,但是由于付出的精力不同,论文代写价格要稍高一些,这一部分自然也比平时的小论文写作价格出现不同。所以写论文的留学生最好尽快安排决定,以免后期多花费不必要的钱。

学历不同论文代写价格不同

学历等级不同价格也不相同,如专科英语论文,本科、硕士、博士英语论文价格也都不相同,在论文写作时,请说清楚自己所属的学历。为什么这个和价格挂钩呢?比如一篇大学的硕士的论文和普通专科的论文,难度肯定不一样的,如果写的深度太深,对在专科学历学生来说并不是一件好事,答辩时自己无法说出论文中的问题,影响自己的通过。而如果大学的硕士论文写的深度不够,太肤浅,也无法达到预期的效果。层次不同,写手写作时也比较容易把握分析问题的深浅,这种论文看上去自然一些,也不会被导师怀疑同学们的能力。

论文中是否有特殊要求

特殊要求涉及的内容比较多,比如有些论文需要做调查报告、需要建模、偏市场类的需要使用专业软件对数据进行分析等等。这些要求也影响了论文的整体写作价格。

以上内容就是影响美国代写价格的主要因素。若要问论文代写哪家更专业可靠?论文代写推荐选择美国论文代写AdvancedThesis服务平台。因为其服务公司拥有专业资质的论文代写专家团队,保障论文原创质量与合理的论文代写价格。除此之外,还为留学生提供专业的美国代写assignment、毕业论文代写、美国essay代写等服务!留学生们可以随时扫描网站二维码咨询我们的专职客服!

美国论文代写:音乐在健身房中的作用

美国论文代写:音乐在健身房中的作用。音乐虽然在健身房环境中是一个微不足道的属性,但却为社会环境做出了有效的补充。就像一个人在进行日常锻炼一样,他们可能不会注意到背景播放列表,而其他人可能会依赖于同样的背景播放列表。但是,它们都公开地执行相同的活动。音乐在诸如健身房这样的场景中扮演着催化剂的角色,在这种场景中,人们的主要关注点放在了健身上,并尝试不同的活动来完成每天的健身计划。接下来美国论文代写将对音乐在健身房中的作用进行以下分析。

音乐往往是最容易忽略的方面,当一个人在健身房做动作和尝试新的困难时,完全的注意力超过了身体健康。然而,在我们的潜意识中,音乐扮演着一个非常方便和兼容的角色,与正确的氛围建立。在这种情况下特别注意20分钟的音乐播放,观察到大多数音乐选择是基于hip-hop,体育歌曲和重金属。每一种音乐类型的选择都适当地适应了健身房氛围的需要,与人们表演所需的能量同步。为了提高练习者的热情,幸存者的“老虎之眼”和皇后乐队的“We will Rock You”是体育场播放最多的热门歌曲。体育颂歌立即使活动进行,并有必要的推动力。

在进行各种模式和难度的健身活动时,通过在健身房内建立正确的情绪来提升能量和热情。虽然在这样的环境中播放的背景音乐不会吸引太多的注意力,但它可以让参与各种健身活动的人感受到激励和动力。在进行一些不同的健身活动时,当我参与健身时,办公室和邻居的其他同事也会参加同样的活动。

音乐在诸如健身房这样的场景中扮演着催化剂的角色,在这种场景中,人们的主要关注点放在了健身上,并尝试不同的活动来完成每天的健身计划。正如格尔兹的“厚描述”所描述的概念启发我们,有些人公开地以同样的方式行事。保罗和约翰明显被认为正在进行眼睛收缩,但约翰眼睛里有灰尘,所以眨了眨眼睛,保罗打算讲个笑话,所以眨了眨眼睛。同样,两个人对音乐的公开反应也可以被认为是相同的。然而,人们可能会专注于健身房的活动,甚至没有注意到背景音乐的播放列表和类型。另一个人可能会选择特定的歌曲来表演尊巴舞,这也是一种健身运动。音乐可能被认为是他们的反应和行动背后的主要本质,对其他人来说,它可能是一个可以忽略不计的属性,个人可能在健身房忘记了。

Music is often the most negligible aspect that one concentrates while performing gym actions and trying out new difficulties with complete attention paid over physical fitness. However, it is within our subconscious that music plays a role which very conveniently and compatibly gels with the right ambience set up. On paying specific attention to the music playing within that situation for 20 minutes, it was observed that most of music choices were based upon hip-hops, the sports anthems and heavy metals. Each of the selection of music genres were appropriately suited with the need of the gym atmosphere to synch with the energy needed to get the people performing accordingly. In order to heighten the enthusiasm among the practitioners, Survivor’s “Eye of the Tiger” and “We will Rock You” from Queen’s are the stadium hits which are played the most. The Sports Anthems immediately get the activities going with the thrust needed.

While performing gym activities of various modes and difficulties, the energies and enthusiasm are boosted through the right mood set up within the gym. Although not much attention gets drawn towards the background music that plays in such a surrounding, yet it allows the people involved into various gym activities to be feeling the boost and the pump. While performing a number of different gym activities, there are other fellow mates from office and neighborhood who take part in the same situation when I am involved into the regime.

Music acts as a catalyst within a scenario such as gym situation where the prime focus is laid upon generating fitness and trying different activities to complete the daily regime. Just as the conception delineated within the Geertzian “thick description” enlightens that there are people overtly behaving in the same manner. Paul and John are overtly perceived to undergo eye contraction, but john had dirt in his eye hence blinked and Paul planned cracking a joke hence winked. Similarly, the overt reaction of responding to the music could be perceived as same among two individuals. However, one might be concentrating on the gym activities not even noticing the playlist and genre of music in the background. The other might select specific songs of choice to perform Zumba which is also a fitness action. Music might be regarded as the prime essence behind initiation of their responses and actions, for others, it might be a negligible attribute of which the individual might be oblivious at the gym.

以上内容就是美国论文代写对音乐在健身房中的作用分析。如果同学们没有足够的时间与信心来完成论文作业,论文代写推荐选择美国论文代写AdvancedThesis服务平台。因为其服务公司拥有专业资质的论文代写专家团队,保障论文原创质量与合理的论文代写价格。除此之外,还为留学生提供专业的美国代写assignment、毕业论文代写、美国essay代写等服务!留学生们可以随时扫描网站右侧二维码咨询我们的专职在线客服!

论文代写:马克思主义哲学

论文代写:马克思主义哲学。马克思主义可以被描述为从马克思和恩格斯的经济和社会理论中提取出来的概念、意识形态或体系。马克思主义本质上是“一种把阶级斗争作为分析西方社会社会变化的中心要素的理论”。马克思主义哲学是资本主义的对立面,资本主义是“一种以生产资料私有制和商品分配为基础,以自由竞争的市场和利润为动力的经济制度”。接下来论文代写专家将对马克思主义哲学进行以下分析与讨论。

马克思主义反对和批判资本主义哲学,认为公有制和人的生产生活是社会的主要方面。公有制是马克思主义分配、生产和交换的支柱。作为资本主义对立面的马克思主义诞生于工人阶级只拥有劳动能力,他们只能出售劳动能力的时代。人们出售他们的劳动能力,也出售劳动的产品。马克思的阶级就是在这个背景下定义的。社会成员之间的关系及其生产资料是阶级定义的基础。在资本主义的背景下,工人只获得最低工资作为他们的工资,在这里,工人被异化了,因为他们出售了他们所创造的产品的权利。

从本质上说,工人对他们的劳动、产品、产品的销售和销售过程中积累的利润没有控制权。虽然资本家确实根据所涉及的劳动价值出售产品,但只有最低工资才能到达投入劳动的人手中(弗拉基亚,2008年)。在销售过程中积累的剩余价值中,有很大一部分变成了所有者的利润,而不是劳动者的利润。“剩余价值是工人的工资和产品的销售价格之间的差额”(《哲学》,2018年,第3段)。3)根据马克思的观点,这导致了一种日益恶化的情况。贫困意味着经济贫困。

排放论(Emiseration or immiseration thesis)直接源自马克思对资本主义社会经济发展的分析,认为资本主义生产的本质导致了实际工资的降低。相对于社会的总价值创造,工资增长减少了,受影响的是价值的创造者,而不是所有者(Ramirz, 2007)。这反过来又会导致异化效应的恶化,因为工人无法从市场上买回产品(Bakshi, 2011)。

Marxism can be described as concepts, ideology or system drawn from economic and social theories of Marx and Friedrich Engels. Marxism is essentially “A theory in which class struggle is a central element in the analysis of social change in Western societies” . The philosophy of Marxism is an antithesis of capitalism which is “an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production and distribution of goods, characterized by a free competitive market and motivation by profit” .

Marxism opposes and criticises the capitalistic philosophy and in doing so has considered public ownership and productive life of man as the prime aspects of society. Public ownership is the backbone of distribution, production and exchange in Marxism. Marxism as an antithesis to capitalism was born in a time when the working-class people only possessed the capacity to work and this was all they could sell. The people sell their capacity to work, and also the products of the labour. Class according to Marx is defined in this context. The relations of the members of society and their means to production are the very basis for class definition. In the context of capitalism, workers are paid only a minimum wage as their salary and here the worker is alienated because they sell off their rights to the products they have created.

Essentially, the worker has no control over their labour, the product, its sales and the profits accrued in its sales. While capitalists do sell products based on the labour value involved, only a minimum wage reaches the person who has input the labour (Fracchia, 2008). Much of the surplus value that is accrued in the sales becomes the profit of the owner and not the labourer. “Surplus value is the difference between what the worker is paid and the price for which the product is sold” (Philosophy, 2018, para. 3). According to Marx, this results in a situation of increasing immiseration or emiseration. Immiseration means economic impoverishment.

Emiseration or immiseration thesis derived directly from Marxian analysis of economic development in capitalistic societies argues that the nature of capitalistic production results in reduced real wages. There is reduced wage growth relative to the total value creation in society and it is the creator of value that suffers, and not the owners (Ramirz, 2007). This in turn leads to worsening effects of alienation where workers are not able to afford to buy back products from the market (Bakshi, 2011).

以上内容就是论文代写专家对马克思主义哲学的分析与讨论。若要问论文代写哪家更专业可靠?论文代写推荐选择美国论文代写AdvancedThesis服务平台。因为其服务公司拥有专业资质的论文代写专家团队,保障论文原创质量与合理的论文代写价格。除此之外,还为留学生提供专业的assignment代写、研究论文代写、essay代写等服务!留学生们可以随时扫描网站右侧二维码加入我们!

美国代写:热带气候对土壤影响

美国代写:热带气候对土壤影响。温带的天气受热带极地气团的控制,因此这里的降水以气旋风暴的形式出现。温暖和寒冷的地区存在季节性降雨。与温带地区相比,热带地区由于作物生长季节短的特性必然会带来更好的产量。此外,在温度区叶片的膨胀和相发育也较慢。虽然气候是一个有利因素,但土壤因素威胁着热带地区的生产力。接下来美国代写专家将对热带气候对土壤影响进行以下分析。

经鉴定,热带地区的土壤通常养分流失。该地区的高温、频繁发生的强降雨和侵蚀也影响了土壤的质量。高温导致土壤中盐的更多积累(Barrow 1987)。由于这些问题,即使气候条件有利于生产,温带土壤更适合高产。正如盖洛普(Gallup)和萨克斯(Sachs)(2000)所说,“热带和温带地区农业生产力的差异甚至比收入水平的差异更大”(第731页)。更高的营养价值也增加了土壤的质量。一些热带地区确实有火山和冲积土支持更好的生产,但该地区的特殊性阻碍了大规模生产计划。土壤问题也因为这些地区的害虫和杂草泛滥而产生。热带地区通常同时是温暖和潮湿的,并以季节性降雨为特征。因此,害虫和杂草的存在阻碍了生长。热带地区每天的阳光也根据一年中的不同时间而变化。农业生产需要一定量的太阳辐射。这对植物生长至关重要。云量的限制威胁着热带地区的生产。

除了现有的挑战之外,未来热带地区还将面临更多的挑战。Rosenzweig和Liverman(1992)提出了热带地区可能进一步挑战其经济的以下预期变化和威胁。

温度的变化使植物成熟得更快。这缩短了它们的生长阶段,未来热带地区的产量可能会下降。豆荚、种子和谷物需要更多的时间通过光合作用吸收能量,然而高温可能会破坏这一过程。平均温度和极端温度都可能是剧烈的。

全球平均降水量预计将在各地出现,但在热带地区,这种分布并不均匀。对流降雨也会增加并保留空气中的大量水分。高湿度会导致一些作物的病害,并可能导致作物的水分压力。

以增加二氧化碳为形式的生理效应将对植物产生施肥效应。二氧化碳的增加导致光合作用水平的提高。首先,当二氧化碳浓度达到百万分之440ppm时,作物会受益,但随着时间的推移,二氧化碳浓度会导致施肥效应超过百万分之2000,这可能对植物有害。

气候变化已经对土壤产生了影响,因为它导致土壤有机质加速腐烂。

It is identified that soil in the tropical regions are usually leached of nutrients. High temperature in the region, and intense rainfall and erosions that happen on a frequent basis also hampers the quality of the soil. High temperatures lead to the more accumulation of salt in the soil (Barrow 1987). Because of these issues, even if climatic conditions are favorable for production, temperate soils are better suited for high productions. As Gallup and Sachs (2000) argue, “The disparity in agricultural productivity between the tropics and the temperate zones is even greater than the disparity in income level” (p. 731). Higher nutrient values also add to the quality of the soil. Some tropical regions do have volcanic and alluvial soil supporting better production, but the specificity of the region deters large scale production initiatives. Soil issues also arise because of how these regions are infested with pests and weeds. The tropical region is typically warm and moist at the same time and is characterized by seasonal rainfalls. The presence of pests and weeds hence deters growth. Tropics also have variable sunshine per day based on the time of the year. Agricultural production required a certain amount of solar radiation. This is critical for plant growth. Limitations in the form of cloudiness threaten production in the tropics.

In addition to the existing challenges, more challenges will be introduced in the tropic regions in future. Rosenzweig and Liverman (1992) present the below expected changes and threats for the tropical regions that could further challenge their economy.

The changing nature of temperature makes plants mature faster. This shortens their growing stage and in future the yield in the tropics could go down. Pods, seeds and grains need more time to absorb energy through photosynthesis, however higher temperatures could disrupt this. Both the mean and extreme temperatures could be drastic.

Mean global precipitation is expected everywhere, but in the tropics this distribution will not be uniform. Convectional rainfall will also increase and retain much moisture in the air. High humidity can lead to disease infestation for some crops and could contribute to moisture stress for crops.

Physiological effects in the form of increasing CO2 will create a fertilizing effect on the plant. Increased Co2 leads to increased levels of photosynthesis. First, a beneficial boost will be seen at 440ppm for crops, but over time, the Co2 concentration can trigger fertilization effects to go beyond 2000 ppm and this could be harmful for the plants.

Climate change is already having an effect of soils, as it leads to accelerate decay of the soil organic matter.

以上内容就是美国代写热带气候对土壤影响。若要问美国代写哪家好?论文代写推荐选择美国论文代写AdvancedThesis服务平台。因为其服务公司拥有专业资质的论文代写专家团队,保障论文原创质量与合理的论文代写价格,并使用权威的抄袭检测系统,让留学生们轻松应对英语论文写作并创作出专属个人的优秀论文!除此之外,还为留学生提供专业的assignment代写、毕业论文代写、essay代写等服务!

论文代写:绿色供应链管理

论文代写:绿色供应链管理。绿色供应链管理(GSCM)的概念在最近获得了相当的重要性,因为它涉及到在运作供应链管理过程中整合可持续实践和环境思维的过程。本报告的目的是通过文献综述的应用对所提出的概念进行论述分析。它将提出一个关于瑞典制造公司的概念模型。这项任务的最终目标是提供对包括GSCM在内的关键维度的反思,以便其他业务组织可以采用相同的方法。接下来论文代写将对绿色供应链管理进行以下分析。

本文提供的概念模型图表明了GSCM实践、可持续绩效和环境协作之间的关系,沃尔沃集团的供应链分销商可以采用这种关系。这种模式从根本上基于社会、环境和经济绩效实践的角度。据了解,该模型表明了各种组织单位之间的关系,以及它们如何聚集在一起,以实现拟议的可持续性目标(Stadtler, 2015, pp. 3-8)。批评者Dyer和Singh提出,建立长期的组织间互动将促进强大的价值创造联系。这些联系将有助于实现产生积极的社会环境影响的最终目标。反过来,这将为公司在未来产生更大的生产力和盈利能力(Monczka等人,2015)。因此,这可能意味着沃尔沃集团发起合作供应链关系的基础是信任、忠诚、承诺、谈判公平和意识。

这项任务主要是建立在供应链管理实践的文献综述的基础上。基于调查结果和观察,选择沃尔沃集团的背景情况已经解释。概念模型的提出有助于理解在实现组织可持续性过程中各个组织单元之间的关系。在批评性论点的帮助下,可以理解沃尔沃集团可以采用同样的方法来改进他们的CSR实践。建立长期的合作关系将会实现一个生态友好的组织管理过程。事实上,它会影响整个社会和环境。沃尔沃集团主要从事汽车和建筑材料的生产,涉及大量的副产品生产。随着对环境的日益认识,人们认识到,要产生积极的社会和环境变化,必须在所有管理和供应链各级采取措施。

The central objective of this report is to engage in a discursive analysis of the social and environmental aspects involved in supply chain management. The concept of the Green Supply Chain Management or GSCM has gained considerable importance in the recent times as it involves the process of integrating sustainable practices and environmental thinking while operating the process of supply chain management. The objective of this report is to engage in a discursive analysis of the proposed concept through an application of the literature review. It would propose a conceptual model in relation to the Sweden based manufacturing companies. The end objective of the assignment is to provide reflective insight into the critical dimensions including a GSCM so that the same could be adopted by other business organization.

The figure of the conceptual model provided herein is indicative of the relationship between the GSCM practices, sustainable performance and environmental collaboration that could be adopted by the Volvo Group of supply chain distributors. This model is fundamentally based on the perspective of the social, environmental and economic performance practices. It is understood that this model is indicative of the relationship between various organizational units and how they come together to achieve the proposed objective of sustainability (Stadtler, 2015, pp. 3-8). Critics Dyer and Singh have proposed that establishment of a long-term inter-organizational interaction would facilitate strong value-creating linkages. These linkages would be helpful in achieving the ultimate objective of initiating a positive societal environmental impact. This would, by turn, produce greater productivity and profitability for the company in future (Monczka et al., 2015). It could be, therefore, implied that initiating a collaborative supply chain relationship by the Volvo group would be founded on trust, loyalty, commitment, negotiation fairness and awareness.

The assignment is primarily founded on the literature review of supply chain management practices. Based on the findings and the observations, the selected contextual situation of the Volvo Group has been explained. The proposition of the conceptual model helps in understanding the relationship between various organizational units in achieving organizational sustainability. With the help of critical arguments, it is understood that the same could be adopted by the Volvo Group to improve their CSR practices. The establishment of the long-term collaborative relationship would effectuate the process of an eco-friendly organizational management. In fact, it would impact the society and environment at large. Volvo Group mainly deals in the manufacturing of the vehicles and construction materials, and it involves a voluminous production of byproducts. With the increasing environmental awareness, it had been realized that to impact a positive social and environmental change, practices must be adopted at all the managerial and supply chain levels.

以上内容就是论文代写专家对绿色供应链管理的分析。如果同学们没有足够的时间来完成英语论文与作业,论文代写推荐选择美国论文代写AdvancedThesis服务平台。因为其服务公司拥有专业资质的英语论文代写专家团队,保障论文原创质量与合理的论文代写价格,并使用权威的抄袭检测系统,让留学生们轻松应对英语论文写作并创作出专属个人的优秀论文!除此之外,还为留学生提供专业的硕士论文代写、代写毕业论文、essay代写等服务!

美国代写:社会排斥与贫困

美国代写:社会排斥与贫困。根据相关数据定义了伦敦的社会排斥和贫困。虽然它们有时可以互换使用,但在理解社会排斥和贫穷如何相互联系方面缺乏一致性。如果没有一个适当的定义,就不可能衡量社会排斥和贫困是如何在该国的交通问题中出现的,以及它与社会贫困的关系。因此,在本研究中,区分社会排斥的定义对于理解贫困与该国交通的关系变得很重要。接下来美国代写对社会排斥与贫困进行以下分析与讨论。

贫穷被理解为绝对或相对地获得物质福利。另一方面,社会排斥是在更广阔的视野下定义的,即一些社会群体无法以适当的方式获得政府提供的设施。被社会排斥的个人通常很贫穷,但实际上可能失去改善自己的机会,因为他们被剥夺了充分参与社会的权利。个人没有选择来改进Burchardt等人(1999,p. 227)。社会排斥定义指出:“英国人被社会排斥的条件是:(a)他/她在地理上是英国居民,但(b)由于他/她无法控制的原因,他/她不能参加英国公民的正常活动;(c)他/她愿意参与。”解决社会排斥问题意味着必须将个人纳入决策层面。因此,在处理与交通系统有关的社会排斥问题时,需要进行公众咨询(Atkinson和Hills, 1998)。

伦敦研究中心(1996)提出了社会排斥和贫困的措施。据估计,大约有170万到220万伦敦人生活在贫困之中。这里使用了物质福利措施。贫困和流动性之间的联系可以通过物质福利衡量来理解(Howarth et al., 1998)。然而,物质福利的论点并不那么有力,因为三个主要原因。物质富裕与流动的关系在社会理论中是无法理解的。社会关系非常复杂,更多的是一种货币目标。旅行支出、贫穷和旅行费用并不是真正明确衡量现实社会排斥的指标,但基于所处的地点,这些因素会产生很大的影响。取决于人们住在哪里,无论是在伦敦市中心还是郊区,旅行的费用会有所不同。使用物质福利衡量的第二个限制是,它将取决于年龄等变量。这些变量创造了关于人们如何以及为什么消费的不同层面的推理。与老年人相比,即使在有限的社会水平内,年轻人也表现出更大的消费倾向,老年人对消费活动的理解与年轻一代大不相同。这些变量与缺乏机会有不同的联系(环境、运输和区域部,1998年b)。最后,提出的物质福利问题可能会让在国内旅行的人感到困惑。例如,生活在贫困线以下的人可能没有汽车,但生活在伦敦一些较富裕地区的人可能没有汽车,因为停车位稀缺(Focas, 1998)。

虽然这些都是物质关切成为衡量一个复杂方面的原因,但社会排斥也是如此。社会排斥的衡量依赖于多种指标,而对剥夺的评估必须基于正确的指标。例如,英国环境和运输部将社会排斥定义为一种社会经济压力,在这种情况下,公共交通供应不足会对公民造成影响。它基于公民参与机会较少的论点(环境、交通和地区部,2000)。重要的是要记住,这些指标并不代表个人由于某些其他原因而无法使用某项规定的情况。它只适用于那些规定甚至没有提供给公民,公民没有选择接受或拒绝这些规定的情况。Folwell(1999)认为在这种对社会排斥的理解中可能存在复合元素,“这些特征彼此之间没有任何关系”(Folwell, 1999, p. 27)。因此,复杂性的水平得到了强调。一些变量是相互排斥的,如高老年群体的住房的地理分布。

联合王国政府旨在以明确的方式提出其关于社会排斥的立场,以便具有一致性(社会排斥股,1998年)。例如,政府为其人口普查分析确定了关键枚举地区级别。这种分类包括社会包容方面。这种计划揭示了以下几点。报告强调指出,伦敦大部分人口处于贫困状态,在某些情况下,贫困与社会排斥是有联系的。将贫穷与排斥联系起来的第二个结论可能没有得到正确的理解。第三,内在的复杂性是一个问题。第四,维度之间的相互关系是一个问题。新的剥夺指标指数似乎解决了其中一些问题。然而,并不是所有的都被最终确定或批准(卫报,2000年)。因此,研究-政策差距也存在,增加了理解社会排斥和流动性的复杂性。

Poverty is understood absolute or relative access to material welfare. On the other hand, social exclusion is defined in a broader horizon where some social groups do not have access to facilities provided by the government in proper way. The socially excluded individual are generally poor but could have actually lost the opportunities to improve themselves because they were denied the rights to fully participate in society. Individuals just do not have a choice to improve Burchardt et al. (1999, p. 227). The social exclusion definition states that “a British individual is socially excluded if: (a) he/she is geographically resident in the UK but (b) for reasons beyond his or her control, he/she cannot participate in the normal activities of UK citizens; and (c) he/she would like to so participate”. Addressing the social exclusion problem means the individual must be brought into the policy making dimensions. Public consultation is hence needed when tackling social exclusion in relation to the transportation system in the country (Atkinson and Hills, 1998).

London Research Centre (1996) presented the measures of social exclusion and poverty. Around 1.7 and 2.2 million Londoners were estimated to be living in poverty. Material welfare measures were used here. Link between poverty and mobility can be understood with the material welfare measure (Howarth et al., 1998). However, the material welfare argument is not that strong because of three main reasons. The material affluence & mobility relationship are not understood in a social theory. The social relationship is very complex and more of a monetary objective. Expenditure on travel, poverty and cost of travel are not really clear measures of social exclusion in reality but based on the location these factors make lot of difference. Depending on where the person lives, either in central London or in the sub urban areas, the cost of travel would differ. The second limitation in using the material welfare measure is that it would depend on variables like age. These variables create different layers of reasoning on how and why people spend. Young people shows a greater spending propensity even within constrained social levels, as compared to older people, whose understanding of spending activities will be much different than younger generation. These variables have a different connection to the absence of opportunity (Department of Environment, Transport and the Regions, 1998b). Finally, the material welfare concerns raised could be confusing for the travel people in the country. For instance, people who are under poverty line might not own a car, but people who are in some of the wealthier parts of London might not own a car because parking would be scarce (Focas, 1998).

While these are reasons why material concerns become a complex aspect to measure, the same could be said for social exclusion. Social exclusion measurement relies on multiple indicators and the deprivation has to be assessed based on the right indicator. For instance, United Kingdom defines social exclusion in the Department of Environment and Transport as a form of social economic stress where lack of public transport provisions is caused to the citizen. It is based on the argument that there are less participation opportunities for the citizen (Department of Environment, Transport and the Regions, 2000). It is important to remember that such indicators do not represent case situations where the person is not able to make use of a provision because of some other reasons. It only applies to such cases where the provisions are not even made available to the citizen, and the citizen does not have a choice to accept or reject the provisions. Folwell (1999) argues that composite elements might exist in such understanding of social exclusions and “none of these characteristics have anything to do with one another” (Folwell, 1999, p. 27). The level of complexity is hence highlighted. Some variables are mutually exclusive as seen in the geographical distribution of housing among high old age groups.

The United Kingdom Government aims to present their stand point on social exclusion in a clear manner so as to have consistency (Social Exclusion Unit, 1998). The Government for instance identified key enumeration district levels for its census analysis. Social inclusion aspects are included in such categorization. Such planning revealed the following. It highlighted that much of the population of London was under poverty and in some cases poverty and social exclusion are connected. The second conclusion in the link connecting poverty and exclusion may not be properly understood. Thirdly, inherent complexity is a concern. Fourthly, inter-relationship between dimensions is a concern. Newer index of deprivation indicators seems to address some of these concerns. However, not all of them were finalized or cleared (Guardian, 2000). Hence, a research-policy gap exists as well adding to more complexity in understanding social exclusion and mobility.

以上内容就是美国代写专家对社会排斥与贫困的分析与讨论。若要问论文代写哪家更专业可靠?论文代写推荐选择美国论文代写AdvancedThesis服务平台。因为其服务公司拥有专业资质的英语论文写手团队,保障论文原创质量与合理的论文代写价格,并使用权威的抄袭检测系统,让留学生们轻松应对英语论文写作并创作出专属个人的优秀论文!除此之外,还为留学生提供专业的硕士论文代写、毕业论文代写、essay代写等服务!

美国论文代写:欣赏的探究分析

美国论文代写:欣赏的探究分析。在解决学生在学习环境中的挑战,一个欣赏的探究为基础的实践是提倡在这一节。大多数研究工作致力于支持毛利儿童的双语和双文化教育的问题,同时符合条约的原则,似乎是以问题为基础的方法来解决问题。基于问题的方法更关注消极方面。相反,里奇等研究人员建议采取一种以欣赏为基础的询问方式。接下来美国论文代写专家将对哲学的探究进行以下分析。

欣赏式探究是后现代建构主义理论中产生的一个概念。根据这一理论,在将一些关键假设转化为实践之前,必须先理解它们。首先,欣赏式探究假设在每个社会中都有一些东西运转良好,社会关注的是他们的现实。因此,当别人因自己的行为结果而受到指责时,就不能鼓励亏损思维。基于当下的现实可以是多重的,在一个群体中,这样的现实可以通过相互质疑和相互互动来构建。此外,根据这一概念,当人们将过去的某些部分带到未来时,他们会更有信心,而当他们携带的部分是最好的部分时,这种行为会更加加强。除了承载一个人最好的过去,人们应该欣赏差异,语言作为社会现实的构建可能是差异的一个重要部分。根据Jenkin(2010),这些赏识式探究的假设必须在幼儿教育中实施,以创造全面发展。“欣赏式探究是一个过程,它试图将发展交流的文化从关注个人和社区的负面构建转变为关注他们的优势和能力,通过关注高峰体验和成功来促进积极的变化”(Jenkins, 2010,第17页)。在实践中,这个过程可以用来帮助学生更好地交流。学生可以从他们的文化和理解中汲取积极的回忆。为了提供一个基于提瑞提的课程,促进积极的变化是必要的,而欣赏式的探究可以成为实现这种积极变化的方法。欣赏式的探究将帮助孩子们关注他们过去更好的部分,他们的文化和其他元素,如果不鼓励它们,就无法带入教育环境。当孩子们被要求分享这些方面时,教育环境就不再是人为创造的了。教育环境的社会方面不是人为的,而是通过孩子们的共同互动而变得真实和社会构建的。

欣赏式探究是后现代建构主义理论中产生的一个概念。根据这一理论,在将一些关键假设转化为实践之前,必须先理解它们。首先,欣赏式探究假设在每个社会中都有一些东西运转良好,社会关注的是他们的现实。因此,当别人因自己的行为结果而受到指责时,就不能鼓励亏损思维。基于当下的现实可以是多重的,在一个群体中,这样的现实可以通过相互质疑和相互互动来构建。此外,根据这一概念,当人们将过去的某些部分带到未来时,他们会更有信心,而当他们携带的部分是最好的部分时,这种行为会更加加强。除了承载一个人最好的过去,人们应该欣赏差异,语言作为社会现实的构建可能是差异的一个重要部分。根据Jenkin(2010),这些赏识式探究的假设必须在幼儿教育中实施,以创造全面发展。“欣赏式探究是一个过程,它试图将发展交流的文化从关注个人和社区的负面构建转变为关注他们的优势和能力,通过关注高峰体验和成功来促进积极的变化”(Jenkins, 2010,第17页)。在实践中,这个过程可以用来帮助学生更好地交流。学生可以从他们的文化和理解中汲取积极的回忆。为了提供一个基于提瑞提的课程,促进积极的变化是必要的,而欣赏式的探究可以成为实现这种积极变化的方法。欣赏式的探究将帮助孩子们关注他们过去更好的部分,他们的文化和其他元素,如果不鼓励它们,就无法带入教育环境。当孩子们被要求分享这些方面时,教育环境就不再是人为创造的了。教育环境的社会方面不是人为的,而是通过孩子们的共同互动而变得真实和社会构建的。

在实践中,欣赏式探究对学生和教师都有帮助。例如,Jenkins(2010)讨论了自20世纪80年代以来,在新西兰的Aotearoa,重点是如何改善与毛利世界观、毛利语言、文化元素等交织的主流教育。Te Whāriki的引入也更好地实现了这一要求。学生们因为要在一个鼓励他们欣赏本国文化的环境中学习两种语言而面临问题,而教师也面临问题。在学习社区中有一些不切实际的期望和恐惧,而欣赏式的探究有助于解决这些问题。欣赏式探究注重将教育带入一个自然的社会建构的环境中,而不是社会人为创造的环境中。孩子是这个社会构建的环境的一部分,因此,欣赏式探究之后的教育环境不再是人为的环境,而更多的是一个自然的社会环境。whanau不再存在于学校环境之外。由于欣赏式探究法,决定实际学习的whanau被带入学生的学习环境。因此,幼儿教育满足了Te Whāriki的核心原则之一。

在欣赏式查询环境下,Te Whāriki实现了以下三个不同的目标。首先,Mana Whenua的归属感得到了满足。现在Te Whāriki的这个目标表明,孩子需要有归属感,幼儿教育应该旨在给孩子这种归属感。教育应该让他们更适应他们的日常生活、他们的语言和他们来自的地方。通过鼓励这些因素,欣赏式的探究有助于学生轻松地接受教育。

欣赏式询问的第二个含义是对玛娜·坦噶塔或贡献。现在根据Te Whāriki,幼儿教育环境必须培养平等的学习机会,鼓励孩子们做出贡献。赏识型调查关注的是孩子们的贡献,实际上鼓励他们贡献,交流,成为帮助同龄人的一员。在不同年龄、不同社区、不同背景的儿童中,这些贡献有助于带来一种互动感。因此,Mana Reo,另一个元素的Te Whāriki也很满意。根据Mana Reo的说法,一个人自身文化的语言和符号受到保护(MyECE, 2018)。在双语双文化环境中学习的孩子往往会失去对过去历史的关注。

Appreciative inquiry is a concept that derives from the postmodern constructionist theory. According to this theory, there are some key assumptions which have to be understood before translating them into practice. Firstly, appreciative inquiry assumes that in every society something works well and what the society focuses on is their reality. Therefore, deficit thinking must not be encouraged where someone else is blamed for the results of one’s actions. There can be multiple realities based on the moment and in a group such reality can be constructed well by questioning one another and interacting with one another. According to the concept furthermore, people will be more confident when they carry some parts of their past into the future and this action will be even more reinforced when the parts they carry are the best parts. In addition to carrying one’s best parts of the past, people should appreciate differences and that language as construction of societal reality could be a big part of the differences. According to Jenkin (2010), these assumptions of appreciative inquiry have to be implemented in early childhood education to create well rounded development. “Appreciative inquiry is a process that seeks to transform the culture of development communication from focusing on a negative construction of individuals and communities, to one that speaks to their strengths and capacities to promote positive change by focusing on peak experience and successes” (Jenkins, 2010, p.17). In practice, this process can be used to help students communicate better. Students can be helped to draw on positive recollections of their culture and understanding. For providing a Tiriti-based curriculum, it is necessary to facilitate positive change and appreciative inquiry could be the method to achieve this positive change. Appreciative inquiry would help children focus on the better parts of their past, their culture and other elements that cannot be brought into an educational environment without encouraging them. When children are made to share these aspects, the educational environment is no longer an artificially contrived one. The social aspects of the educational environment are not contrived but rather become real and socially constructed by the shared interactions of the children.

In practice, appreciative inquiry actually helps both children and the teachers. For instance, Jenkins (2010) discusses how since the 1980s, in Aotearoa, New Zealand, the focus is on improving mainstream education that is interlaced with Maori world views, Maori language, cultural elements, etc. The introduction of Te Whāriki also served to impose this requirement better. While students face issues because of being made to study two languages in an environment that proposes to make them appreciative of their cultures, it was observed that teachers o face issues. There are some unrealistic expectations and fear in the study community and appreciative inquiry helps address these issues. Appreciative inquiry focuses on bringing education into the interloop of a natural socially constructed environment instead of a socially contrived environment. The child is part of this socially constructed environment and hence educational environment that follows appreciative inquiry is no longer a contrived environment, and it is more of a natural social environment. The whanau no longer exists outside the school environment. Because of appreciative inquiry method, the whanau that determines actual learning is brought into the student study environment. Early childhood education thus satisfies one of the core principles of Te Whāriki.

In the appreciative inquiry environment, three different goals of Te Whāriki are satisfied, which are as follows. Firstly, the sense of belonging of the Mana Whenua is satisfied. Now this goal of Te Whāriki states that children need to have a sense of belonging and early childhood education should aim to give children this sense of belonging. Education should seek to make them more comfortable with their routines, their language and where they come from. Appreciative inquiry by encouraging these elements helps make students at home with their education.

The second implication of appreciative inquiry is for Mana Tangata or contribution. Now according to Te Whāriki, the early childhood education environment must foster equal learning opportunities where the child’s is encouraged to contribute. Appreciative inquiry does focus on children contributions and in fact encourages them to contribute, communicate and become a part of helping their peers. Where children are of different age, community, background, the contributions help bring in a sense of interaction. Thus, Mana Reo, yet another element of Te Whāriki is also satisfied. According to Mana Reo, the languages and symbols of one’s own culture are protected (MyECE, 2018). Children learning in a bilingual bicultural environment could tend to lose focus of their past histories. However, in appreciative learning, students are encouraged to talk about their past cultures, like a festival they celebrated at home where they were happy, and hence they rediscover their own backgrounds and become more positive about their integrated learning.

以上内容就是美国论文代写对哲学的探究分析。若要问美国论文代写哪家更专业可靠?论文代写推荐留学生们选择美国论文代写AdvancedThesis服务平台。因为其服务公司拥有专业资质的英语论文写手团队,保障论文原创质量与合理的论文代写价格,并使用权威的抄袭检测系统,让留学生们轻松应对英语论文写作并创作出专属个人的优秀论文!除此之外,还为留学生提供专业的硕士论文代写、毕业论文代写、essay代写等服务!

美国论文代写:文化差异的不良影响

美国论文代写:文化差异的不良影响。文化差异往往会中断企业的生产力和潜力,给企业经营活动的执行带来更多的困难。Giannetti & Yafeh(2012)也指出,员工内部的文化差异可能会大大降低部门和员工的集体绩效,影响其在市场中的地位。然而,根据文化差异构成的年龄、性别和种族,为组织创造了绩效障碍,也降低了其在市场中的地位和业绩。接下来美国论文代写将对文化差异的不良影响进行以下分析。

上述理论都表明,对于一个想要成为行业先锋的组织来说,文化差异是不够的,也不能使部门和员工之间更好地协调和沟通。作者指出,在招聘和管理专业人员或雇员时,不应考虑年龄、性别和种族等因素。

Bennett & Hammer(2011)认为,文化差异降低了员工之间相互尊重的程度,影响了组织的集体绩效。此外,Giannetti & Yafeh(2012)指出,文化差异影响了员工和部门之间的协调和沟通水平,降低了员工实现组织目标和目标的效率。在Sayegh和Knight(2013)的看法中,由于母语而产生的文化差异会在企业内部产生消极的员工队伍,并进一步增加由重要来源产生的问题和意外事件的重要性。这些定义强调了创造积极而积极的员工队伍的艺术,推动员工有效地执行,并确保在相应的期限内实现组织的目标和目标。作者严格强调,员工队伍中的任何形式的差异都是不可容忍的,对企业在市场中的发展也是不利的。

结合作者的更多定义,如Sayegh和Knight(2013)所述,以具有鲜明特征的代人形式的文化差异将确保每个员工都对自己的行为负责,同事和部门之间没有真诚的关系。另一方面,Sayegh & Knight(2013)认为,由于教育而产生的文化差异会降低员工的激励水平,在实现竞争优势和其他目标或目标的同时,会为组织创造更多的绩效障碍。这些定义说明了团结和集体表现的重要性,以发明创新的想法,并确保更好的竞争力,以抓住经济中可用的金融和其他机会。作者指出,员工的潜力应该根据表现来衡量,而不是由于教育资格和学位。

虽然上述的研究指出了文化差异的不良影响,但许多专业人士和作者表示,文化差异将有助于企业的改善。正如Özgüner(2011)所述,文化差异会提高企业的激励水平,使企业比竞争对手和其他竞争对手更具创造力。此外,根据Milfont(2012),文化差异会使组织在吸引客户和处理关键情况或冲突方面更具创新性。品牌资产和生产性决策过程将可能与文化差异的设置或实施。这些定义直接增强了企业的潜力,因为文化差异会带来更好的市场知识、更强的竞争力和更好质量的产品和服务。

All the above mentioned theories state that cultural differences are not adequate for organization having a vision of becoming the pioneer of the industry and better co-ordination and communication among departments and employees. It has been stated by the authors that age, sex and ethnicity etc. should not be considered while recruiting and managing professionals or employees.

In the opinion of Bennett & Hammer (2011), cultural differences reduce the level of respect employees have for each other and affect the collective performance of the organization. Furthermore, as stated by Giannetti & Yafeh (2012), cultural differences affect the level of co-ordination and communication among employees and departments and reduce the effectiveness of employees to attain organizational objectives and goals. In the perception of Sayegh & Knight (2013), cultural differences due to native language would create a negative workforce within the enterprise and further increase the criticalness of issues and contingencies arising from significant sources. These definitions highlight the art of creating a positive yet motivated workforce which pushes employees to perform effectively and ensure achievement of organizational objectives and goals within the respective deadline. The authors strictly highlighted that any sort of difference within the workforce is not tolerable and not healthy for the betterment of the enterprise in the marketplace.

Incorporating more definitions of the authors, as stated by Sayegh & Knight (2013), cultural differences in the form of generations with distinct characteristics would ensure that every employee is responsible for own actions and there is no cordial relationship among colleagues and departments. On the other hand, according to Sayegh & Knight (2013), cultural differences due to education would reduce the motivational level of employees and create more performance barrier for the organization while achieving the competitive advantage and other objectives or goals. These definitions state the importance of unity and collective performance to invent innovative ideas and ensure better competitiveness to grab the financial and other opportunities available in the economy. Authors state that potentiality of the employees should be measured in terms of performance and not due to educational qualification and degrees.

While the above mentioned study pointed out the bad impact of cultural differences, many professionals and authors stated that cultural differences would contribute towards the betterment of the enterprise. As stated by Özgüner (2011), cultural differences would enhance the inspirational level of the enterprise and enable them to become more creative as compare to their competitors and other rivals. Also, according to Milfont (2012), cultural difference would make organization more innovative in terms of attracting customers and handling critical situations or conflicts. Brand equity and productive decision making process would be possible with the installation or implementation of cultural differences. These definitions directly enhance the potentiality of the enterprise as cultural differences lead to better market knowledge, more competitiveness and better quality products and services.

以上内容就是美国论文代写对文化差异的不良影响分析。若要问美国论文代写哪家更专业可靠?论文代写推荐留学生们选择美国论文代写AdvancedThesis服务平台。因为其服务公司拥有专业资质的英语论文写手团队,保障论文原创质量与合理的论文代写价格,并使用权威的抄袭检测系统,让留学生们轻松应对英语论文写作并创作出专属个人的优秀论文!除此之外,还为留学生提供专业的硕士论文代写、毕业论文代写、essay代写等服务!

美国论文代写:现代科学管理

美国论文代写:现代科学管理。管理作为一门科学在当今时代并不适用,因为工作哲学、信仰等都发生了变化。从组织的专门化管理到科学管理,再到现代主义和后现代主义。现代主义在很大程度上得到了发展,甚至是科学管理理论的先驱。当前的后现代主义时代可能排斥现代主义和科学管理理论,但也有一些理论在后现代主义时代得到了应用。接下来美国论文代写专家将对现代科学管理进行以下分析。

科学管理和现代主义作为一种思想流派旨在以科学和理性的方式理解世界,人们观察到一种更有目的的对生活的理解,较少强调文学发展,较少对政治和社会态度的重要性(Manning, 2017)。另一方面,后现代主义思想更加深入人心,难以评价,因为它相信短暂性,变化,定性价值与定量价值,等等。在这个时代,科学管理的合理性和刚性被质疑为破坏性的:这个时代同情技术思维,审视科学管理。科学管理的好处是基于语境的批判性分析,而不是简单地当作真理来接受。

科学的管理原则,如合作、为公司的更大利益而不是专注于个人,在某种程度上是适用的,但没有以前假定的严格界限。例如,这些原则表明,组织注重合作而不是个人主义。个人目标,如工人的具体利益,被群体目标所取代。的确,一些组织仍然更关注集团目标和企业的边际结果,而不是个人愿望。我所工作的组织要求,由于跨团队结构的存在,边际结果必须给予更多的关注,甚至个人工作计划的交付比小组交付优先级低。事实上,该组织甚至与泰勒的第四原则相一致,认为工业系统在很大程度上限制了产出(泰勒,2004)。这一原则认为,如果工作产量增加,实际上会帮助工人和组织的管理,这样的好处会传递给社会。与我一起工作的组织也相信,改进工作生产实质上会把好的传递给层级中的每个人。然而,并不是所有的组织都像我工作的那样。其他一些像谷歌被观察到给予个人的重要性。谷歌允许开发者将一定比例的时间花在他们感兴趣的东西上;因此,这一原则在后现代时代受到了挑战。

Management as science is not applicable in current times because of how the philosophy of working, beliefs and more have changed. Ad-hoc management of organizations was followed by scientific management, which was then followed by modernism and postmodernism. Modernism evolved to a great extent and was even pioneered by scientific management theories. The current era of postmodernism might reject modernism and scientific management theories, but some of the theories do find application in the post-modernist era.

Scientific management and Modernism as a school of thought aim at understanding the world in a scientific and rational way, a more purposeful understanding of life with less emphasis on literature developments and less significance on politics and social attitudes was observed (Manning, 2017). On the other hand, post-modernist thought was much more deeply embedded and was difficult to appraise because of how it believes in transience, changes, qualitative values versus quantitative, and more. In this era, the rationality and rigidity of scientific management was questioned as disruptive: the era empathized with technological thinking and scrutinized scientific management. The benefits of scientific management were critically analysed based on context and were not simply accepted as truths.

Scientific management principles such as cooperation, working for the greater good of the company rather than focusing on the individual are somewhat applicable, but there is no rigid boundaries that would have been assumed earlier. For instance, the principles states that organizations focus on cooperation instead of individualism. Individual objectives, such as the specific interests of the workers, are subjugated in favour of group objectives. It is true that some organizations still focus on group objectives and marginal outcomes for the business more than individual aspirations. The organization that I worked with, demanded that marginal outcomes must be given more attention since cross team structure existed, and even the delivery of individual work programs take low precedence compared to the group delivery. The organization in fact was even aligned with Taylor’s fourth principle which believed that the industrial system was restricting output to a great extent (Taylor, 2004). This principle makes the argument that if the work production was increased, it would, in fact, help workers and management of the organization, and such benefits would be passed on to the society. The organization I worked with also believed that improving work production would in essence pass on good to everybody in the hierarchy. However, not all organizations would be like the one I worked at. Some others like Google are observed to give importance to the individual person. Google allows its developers to spend a certain percentage of their time on something they find interesting; therefore, this principle in postmodern times is challenged.

以上内容就是美国论文代写对现代科学管理分析。如果留学生没有足够的时间来完成英语论文与作业,论文代写推荐留学生们选择美国论文代写AdvancedThesis服务平台。因为其服务公司拥有专业资质的英语论文写手团队,保障论文原创质量与合理的论文代写价格,并使用权威的抄袭检测系统,让留学生们轻松应对英语论文写作并创作出专属个人的优秀论文!除此之外,还为留学生提供专业的硕士论文代写、作业代写、essay代写等服务!

美国论文代写:管理会计系统

美国论文代写:管理会计系统。管理会计系统在许多组织中被认为是停滞不前的,因为该系统经常不能得出准确的产品成本。与产品成本相关的信息需要由管理层进行评估,以确保业务的生产率。有趣的是,通过随意的措施,成本与产品是分开的。成本管理会计的文献被发现足够的管理者的必要的财务报告,使价值的存货和销货成本和满足审计和外部报告的要求。接下来美国论文代写专家将为同学们讲解下管理会计系统。

根据Collier(2015),管理会计信息和相关决策对现代企业运营是重要的。它有助于财务报告程序。有趣的是,它与管理者的计划和控制决策相关。相关性持续试图降低成本和提高组织的生产力(Laudon和Laudon, 2016)。然而,管理会计的理论背景经常因其与理解管理会计系统的相关性而受到批评。一些文献认为管理会计系统在组织中是停滞的(Johnson和Kaplan, 1987)。这项研究将确定和审查最近的管理会计做法对组织的负面影响。此外,该研究将分析企业会计管理系统的不断上升的挑战,这肯定会阻碍为管理人员提供准确的信息,同时促进控制成本或衡量和提高组织内的生产力的努力。

管理会计系统在许多组织中被认为是停滞不前的,因为该系统经常不能得出准确的产品成本。与产品成本相关的信息需要由管理层进行评估,以确保业务的生产率。有趣的是,通过随意的措施,成本与产品是分开的。成本管理会计的文献被发现足够的管理者的必要的财务报告,使价值的存货和销货成本和满足审计和外部报告的要求。然而,这样的会计制度并没有披露产品在个体产品层面的成本(Johnson and Kaplan, 1987)。常用的标准成本计算方法通常会误导管理层对实际产品成本的评估。换句话说,许多组织在使用仅与产品相关的管理会计信息时犹豫不决,因为有机会展开产品定价、采购、产品组合和对竞争产品的反应等信息(Ernstberger和Prott, 2016)。相反,一些管理会计文献认为,这种成本核算在评估与此类产品相关的可变成本方面是合适的。在制造过程中,管理者可以利用这些管理信息来修正库存价值。此外,许多学者支持管理会计报告对项目跟踪至关重要这一事实。这种成本核算系统有助于将广泛的成本划分为许多部门成本,便于组织的每个部门负责人跟踪。根据McLaren, Appleyard和Mitchell(2016),管理会计系统有助于确定产品成本,可以被称为决策的基础。

According to Collier (2015) management accounting information and associated decisions are significant for modern business operations. It helps in financial reporting procedure. Interestingly, it is relevant for manager’s planning and control decisions. Relevance persists in attempting to reduce costs and improve productivity of the organization (Laudon and Laudon, 2016). However, the theoretical background of management accounting often criticized for its relevance to understanding systems of management accounting. Several literatures identified systems of management accounting as stagnant in organizations (Johnson and Kaplan, 1987). The study will identify and review the negative consequences of recent management accounting practices to the organization. Furthermore, the study will analyse the rising challenges of corporate management systems of accounting which certainly obstructs to provide accurate information to managers while facilitating efforts to control costs or measure and improve productivity within the organization.

The system of management accounting is referred as stagnant in many organizations because the system often failed to derive accurate cost of product. Information related to costs of the product needs to be assessed by the management to ensure productivity of the business. Interestingly, costs are segregated to products by casual measures. Literatures of cost management accounting are found adequate for manager’s essentialities regarding financial reporting which enables value for inventory and COGS and satisfy requirements of auditing and external reporting. However, such accounting system failed to disclose the costs of the product at individual product level (Johnson and Kaplan, 1987). The common standard costing method usually misleads management decisions regarding the assessment of the actual product costs. In other words, many organizations made hesitant to use management accounting information related to only product because there is an opportunity exists for unfolding information about product pricing, sourcing, product mix and responses to competitive products (Ernstberger and Prott, 2016). On the contrary, several management accounting literatures argued that such costing is appropriate in terms of assessing variable costing related to such product. Managers can be beneficial to use such management information for correcting inventory values during the process of manufacturing. Moreover, many scholars supported the fact that management accounting reports are vital for project tracking. This costing system helps to differentiate broad costs into many departmental costs which can be easily tracked by each departmental head of the organization. According to McLaren, Appleyard and Mitchell (2016), management accounting system is helpful for determining product cost that can be referred as foundation of the decision making.

以上内容就是美国论文代写专家对管理会计系统的讲解。如果留学生没有足够的时间来完成英语论文与作业,论文代写推荐留学生们放心选择美国论文代写AdvancedThesis服务平台。因为其服务公司拥有专业资质的论文写手团队,保障论文原创质量与合理的论文代写价格,并使用权威的抄袭检测系统,让留学生们轻松应对英语论文写作并创作出专属个人的优秀论文!除此之外,还为留学生提供专业的硕士论文代写、作业代写、essay代写等服务!