美国代写essay：生产价格

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美国代写essay：生产价格
部门生产价格：部门价格相当于生产资本的平均成本价格和平均利润率，可用于生产的任何商品的产出（纳尔逊，2012）。这是反映生产者平均收益的生产实际价格。

经济生产价格：经济生产价格相当于销售给最终顾客时产出的平均成本价格和平均利润率，其中包括已经发生在不同企业中的成本生产。

跨部门生产价格：这个价格可以被称为生产者价格的产出的销售，它可以反映应用于不同部门的资本数量的利润率。

因此，这个概念的目标是一个事物获得重要性并成为一种商品，并且只有当商品的价格准确时才被视为价值。

美国代写essay：生产价格

主观价值论
这是一个理论，它决定了货物的价值不能由产品的任何特定固有属性决定。相反，它们取决于个人对产品的重要性。

Potlatch概念：
Potlatch是一个与价格相关的讨论目的的重要概念，这些经济以礼品竞争交换的过程为标志，礼品赠送者为了获得重要而强大的政治和社会角色而提供重要礼物。礼品可能包含不同的东西。

美国代写essay：生产价格

The sectoral production price: Sectoral Price is equivalent to the average cost price and the average profit rate on the production capital which may be applied to the output of any commodity which has been produced (Nelson, 2012). This is the actual price for production which reflects the average returns of the producers.

The economic production price: The economic production price is equivalent of the average cost price and average profit rate of the output during the point of sale to the final customer, which includes the costs which has been occurred at different enterprises who are the part of the production.

Inter Sectoral Production Price: This price may be referred to as the sale of the output of the producer’s price which can reflect on the profit rate of the quantity of capital which is applied to different sectors.

Thus, this notion aims at the fact that an object gains importance and becomes a commodity and is treated as a value only if the price of the commodity is accurate.

美国代写essay：生产价格

Subjective Theory of Value
It is a theory which determines that the value of the goods can’t be determined by any specific inherent property of the product. Instead, they are determined by the importance which the individuals give to the product.

Potlatch Concept :
Potlatch is an important concept for the purpose of discussion related to the price such that the economies are marked by the processes involving competitive exchanges of gifts, in which the gift-givers gives important gifts in order to capture important and powerful political and social roles. The gift items may include different things.

美国代写essay：乐高营销战略

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美国代写essay：乐高营销战略

从乐高家族家族企业的案例来看，营销战略漂移使它在国际社会遭受营销损失。在其他企业投资于网络营销、CD-ROM游戏等的时候，乐高被视为战略漂变而被抛在后面。人们对他们的孩子使用的玩具类型控制得很少，在这样的时间里，乐高不允许使用互联网，而电脑游戏的发展受到了损失。在2000年初，乐高重新评估了它的策略，并将包括基于互联网使用和技术使用的营销。该公司已在1998遭受了巨大的损失，并重新引入营销战略支持从互联网和其他技术引进一年的利润在2002，和2003显示公司出售亏损31亿9000万，而不得不紧缩开支（郝林森，2011）。造成亏损的原因是，该公司在改进其营销战略时，不再关注传统的教育理念，即乐高以其知名度而闻名。乐高的核心理念是提供独特的定制产品，以满足不断变化的市场中的销售环节设置了其他竞争对手，乐高并没有专注于其强大的产品（郝林森，2011）。

美国代写essay：乐高营销战略
乐高试图改变这一失败的营销企图在2004时，该公司再次回到乐高现在正恢复到原来的概念。这种策略帮助乐高在过去的几年中，其净利润增加和更可持续的（郝林森，2011）。

美国代写essay：乐高营销战略

Marketing Strategic Drift as seen in the case of the Danish family owned business of Lego made it suffer marketing losses in the international community. At a time when other businesses were invested in marketing on the internet, CD-ROM games and more, Lego was seen to be left behind because of a strategic drift. People had less control on the type of toys that their children used and in such a time Lego not embracing the use of the internet and computer game themed

美国代写essay：乐高营销战略

development was seen to suffer losses. In the early 2000’s Lego re-evaluated its strategy and moved on to include marketing based on internet usage, and technology usage. The company had suffered huge losses in 1998, and the reintroduction of marketing strategy with support from the internet and other technology reintroduced one year of profit in 2002, and in 2003 the company showed a sold loss of 3190 million, and had to retrench (Hollensen, 2011). The reasons cited for the losses were that the company in revamping its marketing strategy had lost focus on the traditional pedagogical concept that Lego is famous for. The core concept of Lego is the unique customized product it offers, in changing marketing to meet the selling aspects set out by other competitors, Lego did not focus on its strong product (Hollensen, 2011).
Lego attempted to change this failed marketing attempt in 2004 when the company once again went back LEGO is now returning to its former concept. This strategy has helped Lego in the past years and its net profits have increased and have become more sustainable (Hollensen, 2011).

美国代写essay：卡特彼勒企业重组

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美国代写essay：卡特彼勒企业重组
本文旨在阐明与重组有关的事实，特别是在推动组织重组的成熟和周期性市场的情况下。分析卡特彼勒的案例研究，探讨重组的不同影响，特别是其对财务业绩的影响。最后，结论是基于事实和数据来判断重组是否能够改善财务业绩。
卡特彼勒重组的结果
该公司自1982年以来经历了一次详细的合并和重组，但公司的财务状况没有太大的改善。事实证明，公司仍然在2014年在成熟和周期性的市场中运作。 1994年之后，卡特彼勒进行了许多收购，所有收购都旨在重新获得市场地位。在此期间，公司总利润的25％被分配到财务部门（Porter，2004）。

美国代写essay：卡特彼勒企业重组

根据上述事实和数字可以得出结论，卡特彼勒经营的成熟市场迫使企业进行重组。公司的内部结构存在很多缺陷，为了克服这些缺陷，重组是非常需要的。内部问题在激励公司重组中起到了重要的作用，但其背后的主要原因是成熟的市场。该组织进行了重组，以更好地维持劳动力成本。为了应对竞争的外部因素，进行了劳动的部署。企业所期望的节省劳动力并没有达到标准。总体而言，重组对企业的盈利能力产生了积极的影响，但仍然取得了成功，但也对企业遵循的劳动政策造成了一些负面影响。

美国代写essay：卡特彼勒企业重组
This essay is an effort to shed light on the facts associated with restructuring particularly on the scenario of mature and cyclical markets that drive restructuring of an organization. The case study of Caterpillar is analyzed to explore different implications of restructuring, particularly its impact on financial performance. Finally the conclusion is derived on the basis of facts and figures to judge whether restructuring has resulted in the betterment of financial performance or not.
Outcomes of Caterpillar’s Restructuring
The firm had undergone from a detailed consolidation and restructuring since 1982 but the financial conditions of the firm are not that much improved. It can be proven with the help of fact that firm still in the year 2014 operates in the mature and cyclical market. After 1994 many acquisitions took place on the part of Caterpillar and all were aimed to regain its position in the market. On the whole 25% of the total profits of the firm were allocated to its financial divisions during that period (Porter, 2004).
美国代写essay：卡特彼勒企业重组
On the basis of above mentioned facts and figures it can be concluded that mature markets in which Caterpillar operated forced the firm to go for restructuring. The internal structure of the company had many flaws and restructuring was much needed in order to overcome them. Internal problems played important role in motivating the firm to restructure but the major reason behind it was a mature market. The organization restructured itself to better sustain the labor costs. The deployment of labor was undertaken to cope up with the external factor of competition. The labor saving which were expected by the firm to be realized was not up to the mark. On the whole, restructuring remained successful in having positive impacts on the profitability of the firm but it also caused some negative impacts on the labor policies being followed by the firm.

美国代写essay：企业文化

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美国代写essay：企业文化

每个组织都有一种文化，这种文化就像是劳动力的动力。文化包括领导力，组织环境，员工满意度，高绩效和奖励形式的工作认同等诸多要素。所有这些因素都是非常重要的，当这些因素中的任何一个遭受损失时，整个公司都受到损害
人力资源部门如果想成功地影响企业，就需要更多地了解企业文化。文化或企业文化可以被定义为一种思维方式，或以一种特定的方式或行为在组织（萨克斯和伯克，2012年）。那些能够正确理解文化的员工可以采取相应的行为或行动，这就是为什么能够正确适应的原因。相反，那些选择反方向行事的员工长期不能在公司内维持。

美国代写essay：企业文化
在一个组织中工作的人有助于创造文化和文化，这将使他们比其他人更有竞争力。如果公司文化依赖于创新和创造力，那么员工也必须以类似的方式执行，从而帮助公司长期维持业务（Saks＆Burke，2012）。因此，企业文化有助于组织和人力资源调整外部环境，平衡内外部环境。

美国代写essay：企业文化

Every organisation has a culture which works like a driving force for the workforce to perform. A culture consists of many elements like leadership, environment in the organisation, satisfaction at employee’s level, high performance and recognition of work in form of rewards. All these elements are very crucial and when any of these elements suffer, company as whole suffers.
Human resources department need to learn more about corporate culture if they wanted to have an impact on the business successfully. Culture or corporate culture can be defined as a way of thinking or to act in a particular way or behave in the organisation(Saks& Burke, 2012). Those employees who can understand the culture in a proper way can behave or act accordingly and that is why will be able to fit in properly. On the contrary, employees those who chose to behave or act in an opposite direction will not be able to sustain in the company for a long period of time.

美国代写essay：企业文化
A person who works in an organisation helps in creating culture and the kind of culture which will give them a competitive edge over others. If the culture of the company is such that relies on innovation and creativity then employees will also have to perform in the similar way which helps the company to sustain in the business for the long run (Saks& Burke, 2012). Therefore, corporate culture helps the organisation and human resources in adapting the external environment and strike a balance between internal and external environment.

美国代写essay：节约运营成本

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美国代写essay：节约运营成本

随着全球范围内劳动力灵活性的提高，国际人力资源管理对于一个组织来说已经变得非常重与国内的人力资源管理不同，当组织只关注国内的监管框架时，今天的国际人力资源管理必须确保符合各种监管框架。这是必要的，以避免在组织有办公室的国家的任何法律麻烦。

美国代写essay：节约运营成本
今天的组织正在专注于从劳动力市场的灵活性中获得最大的优势。然而，他利用劳动力市场灵活性来获取组织优势的过程也反过来影响了各种国际人力资源管理实践。其中一些影响是：
低收入工作问题：工资合理化已成为该组织面临的主要人力资源管理挑战之一。例如，在加拿大和中国这样的国家运营的n组织在工资上有所不同，因为中国的最低工资比美国和加拿大等国提供的要低得多。这种情况为组织带来了相互矛盾的情况。一方面，组织利用工资差异化优势，节约运营成本;另一方面，这种相互矛盾的情况会影响到人力资源管理的实践。该组织的人力资源部门必须为国家运作起草单独的政策，这是一个繁琐的过程。此外，这种劳动力的灵活性有时使组织陷入困境。例如，苹果经常被指责向在供应商工厂工作的工人支付最低工资（Bae＆Rowley，2002：402-428）。因此，苹果在中国成功地利用了低成本劳动力的优势，但是在这个过程中造成了各种不满意的方面，他们不满意苹果公司处理国际人力资源管理实践的方式。

美国代写essay：节约运营成本

With increasing labour flexibility in global context, international HRM has become extremely significant for an organisation. Unlike domestic HRM, when organisations were focused only on the domestic regulatory framework, today international HRM has to ensure compliance to various regulatory frameworks. This is necessary in order to avoid any legal hassles in the country where organisation has its office.

美国代写essay：节约运营成本
Organisations today are focusing on gaining maximum advantage from the labour market flexibility. However, he process of using labour market flexibility for organization’s advantage in turn has impacted various international HRM practices. Some of the impacts are:
Issue of low paid work: wage rationalization has become one major HRM challenge for the organisation. For example, n organisation having its operation in countries such as Canada, and China has to differ its wages, because minimum wage offered in China is much lower as compared to what is offered in countries such as US or Canada. Such situation creates a conflicting scenario for the organisation. On one hand, organisation takes an advantage in terms wage differentiation and saves operational cost; on the other hand this conflicting scenario impacts the HRM practice. HR department of the organisation has to draft separate policies for country based operations, which at times is a cumbersome process. Also this sort of labour flexibility at times lands an organisation in trouble. For example, Apple is often accused of paying lowest possible wages to the workers who are employed in its supplier’s factories (Bae& Rowley, 2002: 402-428). Thus Apple does successfully takes an advantage of low cost labour in China, but in this process has created various unsatisfied parties, who are not satisfied with the way Apple handles its international HRM practices.

美国代写essay：公司法

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美国代写essay：公司法

本文的目的来自新西兰一家航空公司的虚构情况。通过对澳大利亚公司法律的审查和适用，试图就澳大利亚飞行员协会所涉及的所有法律问题向澳大利亚飞行员协会提出建议。本文首先尝试审查在整个英联邦重要的2001年公司法。如果不仔细阅读2009年“公平工作法”，本文的立法领域将是不完整的。在澳大利亚的公司法先例的帮助下，将对这些立法在案件复杂性方面提出的限制进行审查和阐明。然后将提出一个合理的法律途径，引用所讨论的立法和司法文书提供的选择。

美国代写essay：公司法
介绍：
“2001年公司法”的规定在分析这一案件方面非常重要。该法历史上首次阐明雇主与雇员关系的指导原则。除此之外，由于其立法和司法先例的非限制性，破产作为替代责任一直是澳大利亚判例的一个突出方面。
澳大利亚飞行员协会是本文件所建议的案件的当事方，它保护成员的权利。这些权利来源于企业对其成员的责任，问题是案例历史中提到的两个商业实体中的哪一个可以被视为企业。因此，2001年的“公司法”有助于消除破产法的固有含糊性。

美国代写essay：公司法

The objective of this paper derives from a fictional situation set in an airline company in New Zealand. By attempting a review and application of Australia’s company laws, it seeks to advise the Australian Pilots Association on all legal matters related to the issue at hand. The paper first attempts a review of the Corporations Act 2001, which is significant throughout the Commonwealth. The legislative domain of this paper would be incomplete without a perusal of the Fair Work Act 2009. The limitations offered by these legislations in the context of the complexity of the case will be examined and elucidated with the aid of Company Law precedents in Australia. A plausible legal recourse will then be presented citing options offered by both legislative and judicial instruments discussed.

美国代写essay：公司法
Introduction:
The provisions of the Corporations Act 2001 are very significant in analysing this case. The Act was historically the first of its kind to elucidate on the directive principles of the relationships between employers and employees. In addition to this, insolvency as a vicarious liability has been a prominent aspect of Australian jurisprudence, owing to the non-restrictive nature of its legislations and judicial precedents.
The party to the case that is being advised in this paper is the Australian Pilots Association, which safeguards the rights of its members. These rights derive from the responsibility of the enterprise towards its members, the question being which of the two business entities mentioned in the case history can be considered the enterprise. The Corporations Act of 2001 was thus, instrumental in eliminating the inherent ambiguity of insolvency legislation.

美国代写essay：组织结构

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美国代写essay：组织结构

各种替代组织结构是功能结构，分工结构，自成体系结构，地域结构和混合结构。功能结构分离了组织执行的功能，每个功能都有一个功能头，负责特定的功能。当组织试图实现规模经济并努力发展一些深入的技能时，职能结构起着非常重要的作用。
分部结构是在产品，服务，地理或市场的基础上分组分割的组织结构。这对于同时在不同产品上工作的组织是有利的。自成体系的产品组织结构是在公司制造的各种产品的基础上进行分业的组织结构。每个产品组都有其自己的团队，包括研发，制造，会计，人力资源，市场营销等。另一种组织结构是组织在该地区的基础上分离的地理结构。它可以是东部地区，南部地区，西部或东部地区。每个区域都有一个区域办事处，区域办事处控制着当地市场。

美国代写essay：组织结构
除了上述结构之外，有时候组织会引入新的结构，根据组织最好地为组织服务。因此，没有设定组织结构，而是企业根据产品或服务或地理来决定层次结构。因此，人们可以很容易地看到，公司的组织结构根据所提供的产品或服务的不同而不同。

美国代写essay：组织结构

The various alternative organizational structures are functional structures, divisional structures, self contained group structure, geographic structure and hybrid structure. The functional structures segregate the functions which the organization performs and each function has a functional head that is responsible for a particular function. The functional structures play a very important role when the organization is trying to achieve economies of scale and is trying to develop some in-depth skills.
The divisional structure is an organizational structure which is segregated in groups on the basis of product, services, geography or markets. This is good for the organization which is working on different products simultaneously. The self contained product organizational structure is an organizational structure in which the segregation is done on the basis of various products which the company makes. Each product group would have its own teams which would comprise of research and development, manufacturing, accounting, human resource, marketing etc. Another alternative organizational structure is the geographic structure in which the organization is segregated on the basis of the region. It can be east region, south region, west or east region. Each region would have a regional office and the regional offices control the local markets.

美国代写essay：组织结构
Apart from the mentioned structures, sometimes the organizations introduce new structures which according to the organization would serve the organization the best. Thus there are not set organization structure, rather companies decide the hierarchy on the basis of product, or a service or geography. Thus one can easily see that the organization structure of the companies differ from one company to other depending on the product or the services which they would offer.

美国代写essay：企业竞争力

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美国代写essay：企业竞争力

现在的关注点是那些正在提供像美国大多数公司这样的物质工具的公司。在这种情况下，信息在创新过程中起着重要的作用。一些国家寻找其他国家无法获得的信息。通过使用这种信息，市场发现了差距，假设是建立在传统观念上的。这是大多数聪明和相信创新，研究和发展的公司和国家所使用的技巧（Siggel，2006）。
各国的情况和条件在整个公司的能力发展中起着至关重要的作用。公司组织，管理和结构的方式是基于这样一个事实：国家的情况如何发生。以中等规模，短距离，大规模的成功企业为例，可以看到这一点。在意大利，这种情况是存在的，因为家庭财富存在于国内，人们拥有从祖先继承的财富。这种情况在德国是相反的，因为这些公司是分层次的，管理实践和政策是根据这个技术背景（Brender和Spencer，2005）。

美国代写essay：企业竞争力
缺乏历史维度
波特模型中没有历史意义，钻石模型被认为只是一个抽象的后发展理论的历史维度的模型。这个理论也没有关注国家文化和呈现国家作用的低估（Brander and Krugman，2003）。搬运工模式中缺少国家的作用，不关注国家竞争力。

美国代写essay：企业竞争力

The attention now is towards the companies that are giving material tools like most of the US companies. In this context information is playing an important role during the process of innovation. Some nations look for the information that is not available to other nations. By using this information market gaps are discovered and assumptions are build on conventional wisdom. This is a trick used by most of the companies and nations that are smart and believe in innovation, research and development (Siggel, 2006).
Circumstances and conditions of the countries play a vital role in the development of competencies throughout the companies. The way companies are organized, managed and given structure is based on the fact that how circumstances of the country are taking place. Example of this can be observed in the example of successful companies that are medium range, short range and big sized, they are owned by the families. This situation is present in Italy because the wealth of family is present in the country and people have wealth that they inherited from their ancestors. This situation is reversed in Germany as the companies are hierarchical and management practices and policies are according to this technical background (Brender and Spencer, 2005).

美国代写essay：企业竞争力
Lack of historical dimension
It has been debated that historical significance is not present in the porter model and diamond model has been observed to be a model that presents only abstract about the application of historical dimensions of the late development theory. This theory is also not giving attention about the national cultures and downplays that are presenting the role of the state (Brander and Krugman, 2003). The role of the state is missing in the porter model and is not giving attention about the national competitiveness.

美国代写essay：人格特质

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美国代写essay：人格特质

组织行为已经成为当代复杂商业组织中不可或缺的一部分。通过对组织行为的适当研究，可以获得一个良好的工作环境和较高的员工绩效水平。组织行为有助于了解员工的行为模式。这可以通过在组织中进行人格测试来完成。通过了解不同员工的个性，他们的工作效率水平，对工作的承诺，与其他员工的关系等。因此，雇主可以根据自己的性格特点选择最适合公司的人选，并委托具体的工作。在这份报告中，性格测试是基于五大模式进行的。报告还强调了人格差异在组织行为中的作用以及一个人的个性如何影响他在工作中的行为。

美国代写essay：人格特质

人格被称为与他/她的情绪，与他人的相互作用，态度，动机因素等有关的行为模式和特征。每个人都有独特的人格特质，在不同的工作表现和个人环境中，他们的表现也会有所不同。个性表现出一个人对不同情况或对他人的态度。这对工作效率水平，职业成长，他人对待这个人的态度和行为等都有很大的影响。

美国代写essay：人格特质

Organizational behavior has become an integral concern in the contemporary complex business organizations. A promising work environment and higher performance level of the employees can be attained with a proper study of the organizational behavior. Organizational behavior helps to know the behavioral patterns of the employees. This can be done by conducting personality tests in the organizations. By knowing the personalities of different employees, their work efficiency levels, commitment towards work, relationship with other employees etc will be known. As a result of this, the employer can chose the best candidates for the company as well as entrusting specific work according to their personality traits. In this report, the personality tests are conducted based on the Big Five model. The report also highlights about the role of personality differences in the organizational behavior and how the personality of a person affects his behavior at work.

美国代写essay：人格特质

Personality is otherwise termed as the behavioral patterns and characteristics exhibited by a person related to his or her emotions, interactions with others, attitude, motivational factors and so on. Every individual has unique personality traits and it will be exhibited differently in different contexts of work performance and in personal environment. Personality shows the attitude of a person to different situations or to others. This has a high impact in the work efficiency level, career growth, other’s attitude and behavior towards this person and so on.

美国代写essay：温室气体排放

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美国代写essay：温室气体排放

本报告审视了女性董事在场与公司气候贡献之间的关系。通过比较“ET Carbon排名”和“2013年女性富时董事会报告”中提取的事实，达到这个目标。本报告提出的假设是，船上性别平等与公司在气候问题上的表现，特别是温室气体排放正相关。结果和图表显示了这两个因素之间的明显关系。这些结果打算着重于企业界性别平等的重要性。可以清楚地看到，董事会中的性别多样性对于提高公司在温室气体排放和整体气候方面的绩效起着重要作用。

美国代写essay：温室气体排放
本报告的结果积极支持Prado Lorenzo等人。 （2009）认为合法化激发了气候事件或温室气体排放披露。有一个愿望，使那些使他们的排放数据可访问的公司的记录更加透明，并激励不披露他们的数据的公司，使他们的排放记录公开访问，这样不仅有利于他们的公司的进展，但也会帮助投资者评估公司。而且，这会带来社会生态的改善。女董事人数最少的公司应该研究他们的政策和规定。本报告和以往的研究表明，实行性别多样性和平等的公司在涉及公司发展和生态问题的各种因素中进行得更加迅速，成为投资者关注的重点。

美国代写essay：温室气体排放

This report scrutinized the relation between presence of female directors on board and climatic contributions of a company. This objective is achieved by comparing the facts extracted from the reports, ‘ET Carbon Rankings’ and ‘The Female FTSE Board Report 2013’. The hypothesis developed in this report was that gender equality on board is positively related to the performance of company on climatic matters, especially GHG emissions. The results and charts show an evident relationship between these two factors. These results intend to focus on the emerging importance of gender equality in the corporate world. It can, clearly, be stated that gender diversity on board plays significant role in improving company’s performance on GHG emissions and overall climatic matters.
美国代写essay：温室气体排放
The results of this report positively support Prado Lorenzo et al. (2009) suggestion that legitimization motivates climatic matters or GHG emission disclosures. There is an urge to bring more transparency in the records of those companies which made their emissions data accessible, and also to motivate the companies who do not disclose their data to make their emissions record publically accessible so that it will be beneficial for not only their company’s progress but it will also assist investors to assess the companies. Moreover, this will bring ecological improvement in the society. The companies with minimal number of female board directors should look into their policies and regulations. It is indicated by this report and previous studies that the companies which practice gender diversity and equality progress more rapidly in various factors involved in company’s growth and ecological matters which are becoming major concern of the investors.